同济大学学报（自然科学版）2026，Vol.54Issue(1)：1-12,12.DOI:10.11908/j.issn.0253-374x.24294
生成式人工智能大模型在工程建造领域的应用与挑战
Application and Challenges of Generative AI Large Models in Construction Engineering
摘要
Abstract
Generative artificial intelligence(AI)large models face challenges in the engineering construction domain,including insufficient domain-specific cognition and unclear application scenarios and undefined workflows.To explore the potential applications and engineering value of generative AI large models in the vertical field of construction,this paper systematically analyzes and reviews their potential applications and challenges in China's construction sector.Through literature review,expert consultations,and value-chain analysis,the current state of AI model applications in construction is clarified.A"Construction-3L"large-model application framework is established,consisting of three dimensions:the general model layer(L1),the industry model layer(L2),and the scenario model layer(L3).Based on this framework,application opportunities and value-empowerment pathways of large-model technologies in the stages of project initiation,design,and construction are explored.A development workflow for construction-scenario large models is proposed.Furthermore,common challenges related to algorithms,data(computing evidence),and evaluation mechanisms in engineering applications of large models are analyzed,and future prospects are discussed with respect to application scenarios,technological innovation,and policy directions in the engineering construction field.关键词
工程建造/大模型/生成式/应用/人工智能(AI)Key words
engineering construction/large models/generative/application/artificial intelligence(AI)分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
卢昱杰,王娜,赵宪忠..生成式人工智能大模型在工程建造领域的应用与挑战[J].同济大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,54(1):1-12,12.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3801700) （2022YFC3801700）
中国工程院战略研究与咨询项目(2024-XZ-37) （2024-XZ-37）
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2024-1-ZD-02) （2024-1-ZD-02）
