物理与工程2025，Vol.35Issue(5)：61-66,74,7.
蒙特卡罗方法模拟理想气体速率分布及其应用
MONTE CARLO METHOD FOR SIMULATING IDEAL GAS RATE DISTRIBUTION AND ITS APPLICATION
摘要
Abstract
The Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution is a very important form of distribution corresponding to classical particles in statistical mechanics.Ideal gases,as representatives of classical particles,pro-vide the basis for studying distribution mentioned above.However,most of the studies only prove the rationality of the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution,seldom study the evolution of classical ideal gases to thermal equilibrium,and fail to integrate the evolution process with practical applications.Therefore,based on the elastic collision in center of mass system,this article aims to use to simulate the process for ideal gas reaching equilibrium with the Monte Carlo method.An error function is proposed to quan-tify the error between ideal gas and simulated gas,and investigating the variation of the error with the quantity of the simulated particles and the number of collisions in the simulation process.The conver-gence rate of different velocity initialization methods is discussed,and a scheme for high precision simu-lation with small computational cost is given.Finally,the methods are applied to the simulation of sin-gle-particle Brownian motion and the simulation on effusion of gas through a small hole,the results are consistent with the theory.关键词
麦克斯韦-玻尔兹曼分布/蒙特卡罗方法/理想气体/布朗运动模拟/小孔泻流Key words
Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution/Monte Carlo method/ideal gas/Brownian motion/effu-sion of gas through a small hole引用本文复制引用
陆雨航,胡振芃..蒙特卡罗方法模拟理想气体速率分布及其应用[J].物理与工程,2025,35(5):61-66,74,7.基金项目
教育部产学合作协同育人项目(202102168016) （202102168016）
南开大学本科教育教学改革项目(NKJG2025119) （NKJG2025119）
中央高校基本科研业务费(南开大学010-63233001) （南开大学010-63233001）
教育部"物理学育人模式改革虚拟教研室"建设点. （）
