中国农业科技导报2025，Vol.27Issue(12)：32-41,10.DOI:10.13304/j.nykjdb.2025.0909
畜禽生物育种技术进展分析:智能表型、基因组选择与基因编辑创新
Advances in Biotechnological Breeding of Livestock and Poultry:Innovations in Intelligent Phenotyping,Genomic Selection,and Gene Editing
摘要
Abstract
Livestock and poultry bio-breeding serves as a core driver for ensuring food security and sustainable agricultural development.During the"14th Five-Year"Plan period,cutting-edge technologies represented by artificial intelligence(AI),high-throughput omics,and precise gene manipulation have been deeply integrated,propelling livestock and poultry breeding into a new phase characterized by intelligence and precision.The latest advances were systematically reviewed in theoretical methods,tool innovations,and practical applications of intelligent phenotyping technologies,genomic selection(GS)technologies,and gene editing technologies.Research showed that multimodal sensing and AI algorithms had enabled the automated and high-throughput analysis of livestock and poultry phenotypes.Machine learning-enhanced genomic selection models and the integration of multiomics data have significantly improved the accuracy of breeding value prediction.The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)system-based gene editing tools have achieved systematic breakthroughs in miniaturization,precision,and large-fragment manipulation.The collaborative innovation and integrated application of these three major technologies were shaping a new full-chain precision breeding paradigm that spans from"phenotype sensing"to"genotype analysis"and further to"genome optimization".This provided robust technological support for accelerating the genetic improvement of livestock and poultry and addressing challenges in the global food system.Additionally,the core challenges currently faced by these technologies were pointed out and the prospects for development directions were prospected during the"15th Five-Year"Plan period from the perspectives of multi-technology integration,intelligent upgrades,and engineering applications.It aimed to provide insights for revitalizing China's seed industry and advancing precision animal husbandry.关键词
畜禽/育种/智能表型测定/基因组选择/基因编辑Key words
livestock and poultry/breeding/intelligent phenotyping/genomic selection/gene editing分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
徐学文,刘小磊,尹立林,谢胜松,阮进学,项韬,赵书红..畜禽生物育种技术进展分析:智能表型、基因组选择与基因编辑创新[J].中国农业科技导报,2025,27(12):32-41,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1300400) （2023YFD1300400）
国家生猪产业体系建设项目(CARS-35). （CARS-35）
