中国农业大学学报2026，Vol.31Issue(1)：21-34,14.DOI:10.11841/j.issn.1007-4333.2026.01.03
不同类型降解膜覆盖对玉米干物质积累、分配和转运及产量的影响
Effects of different types of degradable film mulching on the accumulation,allocation and translocation of dry matter,and yield of maize
摘要
Abstract
To explore the effects of different types biodegradable film mulching on dry matter's accumulation,distribution and transport,and yield of maize,in Donghai Xin Village,Dalat Banner,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.From 2023 to 2024,four mulching treatments,polyethylene mulch film(PE),rapid biodegradable film(M1),slow biodegradable film(M2)and medium-speed biodegradable film(M3)with no mulching treatment as a control(CK)were set in Donghai Xin Village,Dalat Banner,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.Soil moisture content,dry matter accumulation and yield of maize stems,leaves,bracts and ears were measured,and the dry matter accumulation and distribution and transport characteristics of maize under different treatments were analyzed.The results showed that:Compared with CK,the soil moisture content of 0-40 cm was significantly increased by both the biodegradable film and the polyethylene film treatment(P＜0.05).The yield of maize in M3 treatment was the highest,with the yield of 15 302.35 and 15 509.71 kg/hm2 in 2023 and 2024,respectively,compared with PE,M1,M2 and CK treatments,the yield increased by 6.22％-6.57％,12.37％-12.54％,2.58％-3.72％and 20.22％-23.46％,respectively.M3 treatment could effectively increase the dry matter accumulation of aboveground maize from the grain filling stage to maturity stage,and its dry matter accumulation was 14.56％-30.79％,6.22％-11.18％and 7.25％-23.46％higher than that of M1,M2 and PE treatments,respectively.The Logistic model fitting showed that the dry matter growth rate(v)of M3 treatment was the largest,which was 20.67％,12.45％,6.39％and 3.15％higher than that of CK,M1,M2 and PE,respectively.The dry matter allocation in the aboveground part of maize was specific to the growth period,and the proportion of leaves gradually decreased.The proportion of stem allocation changed in a unimodal curve,and the peak appeared in the large trumpet stage.The proportion of dry matter in the ear continued to increase,reaching the maximum value at the maturation stage,and the proportion of dry matter in the ear of M3 was the highest,which was 17.74％,6.61％,10.39％and 20.62％higher than that of M1,M2,PE and CK,respectively.The dry matter transport performance of M3treatment was the best,at the pre-flowering stage,the dry matter transport(DMR),dry matter transport rate(DMRE)of pre-flowering vegetative organs and the contribution rate of dry matter accumulation(DMRCG)of pre-flowering vegetative organs to grain dry matter accumulation(DMRCG)increased by 24.76％,19.53％and 31.02％,compared with PE treatment(P＜0.05),respectively.The dry matter accumulation(DMA)of M3 at the post-flowering stage was the largest,which was 11.56％and 28.92％higher than that of M2 and PE treatments,respectively.In conclusion,medium-speed biodegradable film treatment(M3)increased the maximum dry matter accumulation rate of maize aboveground,increased the dry matter accumulation rate of maize,increased the contribution rate of dry matter accumulation before flowering to grain and dry matter accumulation after flowering,and then increased the dry matter allocation ratio of ears,and finally achieved the increase of maize grain yield.关键词
玉米/干物质/积累/分配/转运/产量Key words
maize/dry matter/accumulation/allocation/translocation/yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李保成,王伟妮,任永峰,白梓辰,秦书勉,刘丹,韩云飞,张乐,杜二小,高宏艳,张向前..不同类型降解膜覆盖对玉米干物质积累、分配和转运及产量的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2026,31(1):21-34,14.基金项目
鄂尔多斯市"揭榜挂帅"项目(JBGS-2021) （JBGS-2021）
内蒙古自治区科技计划(2023SKYPT0045) （2023SKYPT0045）
