中国水产科学2025，Vol.32Issue(11)：1586-1601,16.DOI:10.12264/JFSC2025-0190
生态净养对草鱼形态特征、脂肪代谢及肌肉品质的影响
Effects of ecological farming on morphological characteristics,lipid metabolism and muscle quality of Ctenopharyngodon idella
摘要
Abstract
Herein,we investigated the effects of ecological farming on the morphological characteristics,fat metabolism,and muscle quality of grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella)and determined the optimal time for grass carp farming using nets.To this end,we used a high-density culture of commercial-sized grass carp,with an ecological farming cycle of 28 days.The results revealed that body weight,visceral ratio,plumpness,and crude fat content in the muscle tissue of grass carp were significantly reduced in the 14-,21-,and 28-day ecological farming groups compared with those in the 0-day group(P<0.05),whereas there were no significant differences in protein content.Short-term ecological farming exerted little effect on amino acid composition and saturated fatty acid content in the muscle tissue of grass carp;however,the contents of monounsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the muscle tissue of grass carp were significantly higher in the 14-day ecological farming group than those in the 0-day group(P<0.05).At the molecular level,the expression levels of fatty acid synthesis-related genes fatty acid synthase and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c decreased significantly in the livers of grass carp in the 7-,14-,21-,and 28-day ecological farming groups compared with those in the 0-day group(P<0.05);however,the expression levels of lipolysis-associated genes lipoprotein esterase and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α increased significantly compared with those in the 0-day group(P<0.05)and reached a maximum at 21 days.The yellow value and pH of the back muscle in the 14-day ecological farming group were significantly lower and higher,respectively,than those in the 0-day group,whereas the drip loss and water loss rates in the muscles of grass carp in the 7-,14-,and 21-day net reared groups were significantly lower(P<0.05).The hardness,elasticity,adhesiveness,and chewability of the back muscle in the 7-,14-,and 21-day ecological farming groups were significantly higher than those in the 0-day group(P<0.05)and reached a maximum value,whereas muscle fiber diameter was significantly reduced(P<0.05).Malondialdehyde content in muscle was significantly increased(P<0.05)in the 21-day ecological farming group compared with that in the 0-day group.The activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase did not exhibit any significant changes throughout the ecological farming cycle.The expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-8 and apoptosis regulators caspase-8 and caspase-9 decreased significantly(P<0.05)in the liver of the 7-,14-,and 21-day ecological farming groups compared with those in the 0-day group,whereas the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was significantly up-regulated(P<0.05).In conclusion,ecological farming can help reduce muscle fat content and effectively improve the body shape and muscle quality of grass carp,with the effects of ecological farming for 14 days being the most optimal.The results obtained in this study provide a theoretical and technical basis for the application of ecological farming technology in the grass carp industry.关键词
草鱼/生态净养/形态特征/脂肪代谢/肌肉质构/基因表达Key words
Ctenopharyngodon idella/ecological farming/morphological characteristics/fat metabolism/muscle texture/gene expression分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
陈海太,倪萍,刘巧林,赵祥,肖调义,熊舒婷..生态净养对草鱼形态特征、脂肪代谢及肌肉品质的影响[J].中国水产科学,2025,32(11):1586-1601,16.基金项目
农业生物育种国家科技重大专项(2023ZD04065) （2023ZD04065）
湖南省自然科学基金项目(2024JJ5200). （2024JJ5200）
