储能科学与技术2026，Vol.15Issue(1)：177-187,11.DOI:10.19799/j.cnki.2095-4239.2025.0816
基于改进Shapley值与主从博弈的共享储能-充换电站协同运行策略
Cooperative operation strategy for shared energy storage-charging and swapping station based on the improved Shapley value and master-slave game
摘要
Abstract
As the penetration of renewable energy generation increases,power grids face complex challenges,including significant spatio-temporal mismatches between supply and demand and a critical shortage of flexible regulation resources.Shared energy storage has emerged as a key strategy for mitigating fluctuations and enhancing renewable energy utilization.However,traditional shared energy storage models depend on independent investments and construction by operators,resulting in high initial capital costs and low resource utilization rates.The rapid development and widespread adoption of electric vehicles(EVs)have led to an increasing number of EV charging and battery swapping stations equipped with energy storage resources.To address these challenges,we propose a collaborative optimization strategy based on a hybrid game-theoretic framework for shared energy storage.This approach integrates self-built energy storage systems and aggregates idle storage resources from EV charging and swapping stations to establish a"self-built+cooperative"dual-source energy storage system.At the upper level,we create a cooperative game model between the shared energy storage operator and the charging/swapping stations,introducing an improved Shapley value allocation mechanism.This mechanism comprehensively considers capacity contribution,load-storage matching,and cost-sharing,with dynamically adjusted entropy weight coefficients to ensure fair revenue distribution.At the lower level,we develop a Stackelberg game model,where the energy storage operator(as the leader)formulates time-of-use service pricing strategies to guide prosumers in optimizing electricity utilization.Simulation results show that,compared to traditional self-built energy storage models,the proposed dual-source energy storage system reduces investment costs by 27.53%and lowers prosumer energy costs by 17.62%.In addition,the Gini coefficient for fairness improves from 0.32 to 0.21 under the modified Shapley value allocation,indicating a significant enhancement in equity in cooperative revenue distribution.关键词
共享储能/充换电站/合作博弈/主从博弈/改进Shapley值Key words
shared energy storage/battery swapping station/cooperative game/stackelberg game/improved Shapley value分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
成章,于艾清,王育飞,薛花,李兴壮..基于改进Shapley值与主从博弈的共享储能-充换电站协同运行策略[J].储能科学与技术,2026,15(1):177-187,11.基金项目
上海市自然科学基金(23ZR1425000),上海市科技创新行动计划项目(22010501400). （23ZR1425000）
