爆炸与冲击2026，Vol.46Issue(1)：87-97,11.DOI:10.11883/bzycj-2024-0515
深海水下爆炸冲击波载荷及气泡脉动特性研究
Research on the shock wave load and bubble pulsation characteristics of deep-sea underwater explosions
摘要
Abstract
Underwater explosions in deep-sea environments involve complex interactions,making both theoretical modeling and experimental validation particularly challenging.While previous research has provided valuable insights into the basic features of shock wave propagation and bubble dynamics in underwater explosions,most existing studies are limited to shallow water scenarios or narrowly defined environmental parameters.Systematic research on the laws governing shock wave loads from deep-sea explosions and their associated bubble pulsation under varying operational conditions holds critical academic significance.Numerical simulations were conducted utilizing a zoned solution algorithm for shock waves derived from the unified equation for bubble dynamics theoretical model.The algorithm enabled numerical simulation of shock wave peak pressure and pressure attenuation processes under diverse initial conditions.Comparative analysis with experimental data confirmed model reliability,demonstrating a mere 0.5%deviation between simulated and measured peak pressures and excellent agreement in pressure attenuation processes.The simulations specifically investigated the influence of water depth,stand-off distance,and explosive charge mass on the peak pressure of the underwater explosion shock wave and explored the variation patterns of the shock wave under different initial conditions through an in-depth analysis of the shock wave impulse and specific shock wave energy.Furthermore,employing the same theoretical model,the bubble pulsation characteristics within a single cycle under varying water depths and explosive charge masses were comparatively analyzed.Traditional empirical formulas were employed to analyze the numerical simulation results,and dimensionless treatment was conducted on the parameters.The results reveal that the peak pressure of the shock wave is primarily influenced by the charge mass and stand-off distance,and increases with water depth at an approximate rate of 1%per kilometer.In contrast,both shock wave impulse and specific shock wave energy decrease with increasing water depth and stand-off distance,but show a positive correlation with charge magnitude.The bubble pulse radius is primarily determined by both the charge weight and the water depth,with the bubble pulsation phenomenon becoming attenuated in deep-water environments.Compared to the traditional Cole empirical formula,the simulated bubble pulse radius is reduced in the range of 0.1 to 10 km.The simulation indicates an asymmetry in the pulsation cycle:the expansion phase consistently lasts slightly longer than the collapse phase.These findings contribute to a more nuanced understanding of underwater explosion phenomena in deep-sea environments and have practical implications for naval engineering,subsea structural safety assessment,and explosive ordnance disposal in complex oceanic settings.关键词
深海爆炸/冲击波/气泡脉动/气泡统一方程Key words
deep-sea explosion/shock wave/bubble pulsation/unified bubble equation分类
数理科学引用本文复制引用
杜青松,刘云龙..深海水下爆炸冲击波载荷及气泡脉动特性研究[J].爆炸与冲击,2026,46(1):87-97,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(52088102) （52088102）
