电焊机2026，Vol.56Issue(1)：20-26,7.DOI:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2026.01.03
体能量密度对316L不锈钢SLM成形缺陷的影响
Effect of Bulk Energy Density on Formed Defects of SLM 316L Stainless Steel
摘要
Abstract
Regarding the correlation mechanism between process parameters and defect evolution in the selective laser melt-ing(selective laser melting,SLM)forming of 316L stainless steel for nuclear fuel assembly tube seats,this study,through or-thogonal experiments and multi-scale characterization,revealed the regulatory laws of volumetric energy density(Ev)on forming quality and defect behavior.The results indicated that when Ev=102.88 J/mm3(P=250 W,V=0.9 m/s,T=30 μm,H=90 μm,θ=67°),the formed components had the best comprehensive performance,with a density of 99.78%,a top surface roughness Ra of 7.49 μm,and a porosity of 0.16%,meeting the engineering standard of nuclear component density>99.5%.The defect evolution presented significant interval characteristics:in the low Ev interval(<68.87 J/mm3),the porosity de-creased sharply from 18.2%(Ev=44.92 J/mm3)to 0.54%,mainly attributed to the elimination of incomplete fusion defects;in the high Ev interval(>104.38 J/mm3),the porosity fluctuated between 1.21%and 1.88%,related to the splashing and ag-glomeration of gas pores caused by unstable molten pools.µ-CT analysis showed that the intermediate area of the formed components had fewer pores,while the top and bottom areas had more 5-15 μm spherical pores;in the high Ev(134.20 J/mm3)case,the pore distribution was regular,but local molten pool instability led to gas agglomeration,forming large irregu-lar pores.Furthermore,residual oxygen in the powder and the Si element tend to segregate to form sub-micron-sized oxide inclusions.The study has revealed the regulatory role of Ev in defect types,distribution and formation mechanisms,provid-ing a process optimization strategy and theoretical support for the high-precision and high-reliability SLM manufacturing of key components of nuclear fuel assemblies.关键词
选区激光熔化/体能量密度/成形缺陷/燃料组件Key words
Selective laser melting/bulk energy density/forming defect/fuel assembly分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
刘文涛,张刚,石玗,王剑波..体能量密度对316L不锈钢SLM成形缺陷的影响[J].电焊机,2026,56(1):20-26,7.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52265050) （52265050）
兰州市青年科技人才创新资助项目(2023-QN-90)和温州市级科技计划资助项目(2023G0157) （2023-QN-90）
