神经损伤与功能重建2026，Vol.21Issue(1)：13-19,7.DOI:10.16780/j.cnki.sjssgncj.20250767
事件相关电位在重性抑郁障碍诊断与治疗中的研究进展
Research Progress of Event-Related Potentials in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder
摘要
Abstract
Major Depressive Disorder(MDD)is a globally prevalent mental health condition with high disability rates.Its diagnosis currently relies primarily on clinical interviews and scale assessments,and there remains a lack of reliable objective biomarkers.Event-related potential(ERP),as a non-invasive,real-time brain function detection technology with millisecond-level temporal resolution,can directly reflect neural activities during cognitive and emotional tasks,providing a new perspective for the diagnosis and treatment of MDD.This review systematically summarizes key findings from ERP studies on cognitive and emotional processing abnormalities in MDD,indicating that multiple ERP components exhibit characteristic alterations in MDD patients,reflecting dysfunctions in cognitive control,emotion regulation,and reward processing across multiple stages.Although these indicators commonly demonstrate transdiagnostic heterogeneity and state-dependent variability,their dynamic patterns and multi-component integrated analyses show potential for assisting in diagnosis,predicting treatment efficacy,and monitoring interventions including pharmacotherapy,neuromodulation,and psychological therapy.Current research still faces challenges such as insufficient paradigm standardization,clinical heterogeneity,and reproducibility issues.Future efforts should focus on promoting multi-center collaboration,integrating multimodal data,and employing machine learning modeling to advance the translation of ERPs from experimental markers to clinically practical tools,ultimately contributing to personalized diagnosis and treatment of MDD.关键词
重性抑郁障碍/事件相关电位/脑电图/神经生物标记物Key words
major depressive disorder/event-related potentials/electroencephalogram/neurobiological markers分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
冯捷,张函,夏叶,王紫薇,杨俊康,吴思燕,杨渊..事件相关电位在重性抑郁障碍诊断与治疗中的研究进展[J].神经损伤与功能重建,2026,21(1):13-19,7.基金项目
国家自然科学基金重大项目(疫情相关焦虑障碍风险预测模型建立及多模态诊疗新方案的研究,No.82090034) （疫情相关焦虑障碍风险预测模型建立及多模态诊疗新方案的研究,No.82090034）
