摘要
Abstract
Objective:To understand the current status and influencing factors of microbial contamination in rural drinking water in Ganzhou City,providing references for the government to develop measures to improve the quality of drinking water in this region.Methods:The monitoring data of rural drinking water in Ganzhou City from 2014 to 2024 were obtained from the"National Drinking Water Quality Information Monitoring System",mainly including four bacterial microbial indicators:total coliforms,Escherichia coli,thermotolerant coliforms and total colony count.The chi-square trend test was used to analyze the changes in the total qualified rate of drinking water bacterial microbial indicators between years.The Bonferroni correction method was used for pairwise comparison of the qualified rates of the four drinking water bacterial microbial indicators,with the corrected significance level α'=0.05/6=0.008 3.The chi-square test was used to compare the qualified rates of drinking water bacterial microbial indicators among different characteristics,and logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of drinking water bacterial microbial indicators.Results:From 2014 to 2024,a total of 16 140 rural drinking water samples were tested in Ganzhou City.Among them,11 044 samples met the bacterial and microbial standards,with a compliance rate of 68.43%.The compliance rate of bacterial and microbial indicators in drinking water showed an upward trend from 2014 to 2024(χ2trend=5 457.80,P＜0.001).During the period from 2014 to 2024,the compliance rates of total coliforms,thermotolerant coliforms,Escherichia coli,and total colony count in rural drinking water in Ganzhou City were 70.71%,69.60%,96.21%,and 89.39%respectively.There were statistically significant differences among these compliance rates(χ2=4 882.12,P＜0.001).There was no statistically significant difference in the compliance rates of total coliforms and thermotolerant coliforms(P=0.036),while the differences in the other indicators were statistically significant(P＜0.008 3).The compliance rate of bacterial and microbial indicators in drinking water during the dry season(70.40%)was higher than that during the wet season(66.46%),the compliance rate of surface water drinking water(70.20%)was higher than that of groundwater(62.55%),the compliance rate of drinking water at the water outlet(69.30%)was higher than that of the end water(67.77%),and the compliance rate of drinking water from water plants with a hygiene license(83.10%)was higher than that from water plants without a hygiene license(65.39%).The compliance rate of drinking water after disinfection(82.03%)was higher than that of untreated drinking water(44.45%),and all differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of non-compliance with bacterial and microbial indicators in drinking water during the wet season,in end water,in water plants without a hygiene license,and in untreated drinking water was 1.362,1.239,1.390,and 2.312 times that during the dry season,in water at the water outlet,in water plants with a hygiene license,and in disinfected drinking water,respectively.Compared with 2014,there was no significant difference in the risk of non-compliance with microbial indicators in drinking water from 2015 to 2017(P＞0.05),while the risk of non-compliance with bacterial and microbial indicators from 2018 to 2023 was lower than that in 2014(P＜0.05).Conclusion:From 2014 to 2024,the contamination situation of bacterial microorganisms in rural drinking water in Ganzhou City has steadily improved.Relevant regulatory authorities should strengthen the regular supervision of rural water plants and systematically carry out technical training for practitioners.Water plants should continuously standardize the disinfection process of drinking water,strictly implement the maintenance system for water supply facilities and pipelines,and establish a regular and reliable water quality monitoring system to reduce the risk of water-borne infectious diseases.关键词
农村/饮用水/微生物/影响因素分析/监测分析Key words
Rural area/Drinking water/Microbe/Root cause analysis/Monitoring analysis分类
医药卫生
