航空学报2026，Vol.47Issue(1)：123-135,13.DOI:10.7527/S1000-6893.2025.32054
低空复杂风场下旋翼气动干扰特性风洞试验
Wind tunnel test of rotor aerodynamic interference characteristics in complex low-altitude wind fields
摘要
Abstract
The low-altitude environment for rotorcraft is characterized by complex wind fields resulting from the com-bined effects of terrain and wind conditions.This study investigates the aerodynamic interference mechanisms of three typical low-altitude wind fields on a rotor system,generated in a wind tunnel,including obstacle wake,spatial con-straints,and random turbulence.Unsteady aerodynamic forces and moments acting on the rotor were measured us-ing a six-component force balance.The influence of varying wind conditions and interference locations on rotor aerody-namic characteristics was assessed through time-frequency analysis.Furthermore,a disturbance wind field simulation method based on Detached Eddy Simulation(DES)is proposed.Numerical simulation results were then used to ana-lyze the characteristics of the rotor-environment coupled flow field in various scenarios.The results reveal that rotor wake recirculation induced by spatial constraints decreases rotor thrust,and the reduction is exacerbated by increased confinement.The large-scale periodic vortex shedding within the obstacle wake region results in low-frequency aerody-namic perturbations.Increasing the rotor height above ground and the horizontal distance from the obstacle increases high-frequency fluctuations within the flow field,leading to a migration of the rotor thrust power spectrum peak towards higher frequencies.Random turbulence exhibits energy concentration in the high-frequency band,exhibiting a com-paratively small effect on the low-frequency sensitive region associated with pilot workload.This research reveals the inherent relationship between energy distribution and rotor aerodynamic response characteristics in various scenarios,providing the theoretical basis for the design of turbulence suppression in rotorcraft.关键词
风洞试验/旋翼/气动干扰/低空风场/大气湍流Key words
wind tunnel test/rotor/aerodynamic interference/low-altitude wind field/atmospheric turbulence分类
航空航天引用本文复制引用
刘洋,史勇杰,徐国华..低空复杂风场下旋翼气动干扰特性风洞试验[J].航空学报,2026,47(1):123-135,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(11972190) National Natural Science Foundation of China(11972190) （11972190）
