净水技术2026，Vol.45Issue(1)：1-9,92,10.DOI:10.15890/j.cnki.jsjs.2026.01.001
饮用水中全氟和多氟烷基物质的污染特征及管控
Characteristics and Control of Per-and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Pollution in Drinking Water
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)are extensively utilized in industrial products and daily consumer goods,emerging as persistent organic pollutants of global concern.Their frequent detection in environmental water bodies poses significant risks,as ingestion through drinking water constitutes a primary exposure pathway for humans.Investigating the occurrence characteristics of PFASs in drinking water is critical for pollution prevention and control.[Methods]This paper systematically reviews the classification of PFASs,including traditional PFASs such as perfluorocarboxylic acids(PFCAs)and perfluorosulfonic acids(PFSAs),as well as emerging categories of novel PFASs.Pollution sources in drinking water are examined through dual lenses of direct emission and indirect migration pathways.A comparative analysis of PFASs profiles and distribution patterns in drinking water systems is conducted at home and abroad,accompanied by an inventory of existing regulatory standards for PFASs.[Results]While novel PFASs constitute a smaller fraction of detected contaminants compared to PFCAs and PFSAs,their diversity is rising steadily.Emerging compounds such as hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid(HFPO-DA),hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid(HFPO-TA),6∶2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid(FTS),and 6∶2 chlorinated polyfluorinated ether sulfonic acid(Cl-PFESA)are increasingly reported.[Conclusion]Limited values for PFASs in drinking water standards at home and abroad are becoming increasingly strict,down to the level of nanograms per liter.Implementation of these stringent limits have exposed PFASs contamination exceeding permissible concentrations in certain regions,challenging water treatment systems.Multi-faceted approachs including pollution source control,drinking water treatment technologies improvement,and health risk assessments are needed to guarantee public drinking water safety.关键词
全氟和多氟烷基物质/饮用水/污染特征/污染管控/污染来源Key words
per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)/drinking water/pollution characteristic/pollution control/pollution source分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
陈永艳,吕佳,张岚,叶必雄,王媛园,苏钜昌..饮用水中全氟和多氟烷基物质的污染特征及管控[J].净水技术,2026,45(1):1-9,92,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2021YFC3200804) （2021YFC3200804）
