煤矿安全2026，Vol.57Issue(1)：209-217,9.DOI:10.13347/j.cnki.mkaq.20250329
新型负压-喷雾装置雾化特性与降尘性能研究
Research on atomization characteristics and dust suppression performance of a new negative-pressure spraying device
摘要
Abstract
To address the issue of dust dispersion in fully mechanized mining faces,a novel negative pressure-spraying dust suppres-sion device based on the principle of the Coanda effect was designed.This device not only effectively covers the dust generated by the shearer drum but also utilizes the suction effect generated by the device itself to collect the dispersed dust in the tunnel.Computa-tional fluid dynamics(CFD)was used to conduct numerical analysis of the airflow field and droplet characteristics in the shearer working face.An orthogonal experiment was performed to investigate the effects of nozzle aperture(A),spraying pressure(B),in-stallation angle(C),and negative pressure device pressure(D)on the atomization characteristics and suction effect of the device.The results indicate that the importance order of the factors influencing droplet size is B>D>C>A,and the importance order of the factors influencing suction velocity is D>C>B>A.As the spraying pressure increases,the droplet size distribution becomes in-creasingly concentrated,which promotes droplet refinement.For droplet mass concentration,a larger nozzle aperture helps form a higher mass concentration droplet field,while spraying pressure has a minimal effect on droplet mass concentration.The pressure of the negative pressure device significantly affects droplet velocity;as the negative pressure device pressure increases,the droplet velo-city increases,while changes in spraying pressure have little effect on droplet velocity.Comprehensive analysis revealed that the op-timal parameter combination for droplet size distribution,droplet velocity,and dust suppression performance is:nozzle aperture(A)of 2.4 mm,spraying pressure(B)of 8 MPa,installation angle(C)of 0°,and negative pressure device pressure(D)of 0.2 MPa.Un-der these conditions,the suction airflow can reach 360 m3/min,and the device achieves optimal dust suppression performance.A comparison of the effectiveness of dust suppression device before and after its application on the shearer shows that the device not only effectively encapsulates the dust source from the drum but also guides the airflow in the tunnel,reducing the diffusion of dust into the working area.关键词
负压-喷雾降尘/粉尘防治/粉尘逸散/康达效应/风流场/雾化特性/抽吸速度Key words
negative pressure-spray dust reduction/dust prevention and control/dust dispersion/Coanda effect/airflow field/atom-ization characteristics/suction velocity分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
李亚行,闫红红,郑贺,张宏,袁利才..新型负压-喷雾装置雾化特性与降尘性能研究[J].煤矿安全,2026,57(1):209-217,9.基金项目
山西省重点研发计划资助项目(202202100401021) （202202100401021）
