农业科学研究2025，Vol.46Issue(4)：65-72,8.DOI:10.13907/j.cnki.nykxyj.2025.04.008
不同改良剂对盐碱地玉米品质、产量及土壤理化性质的影响
Effects of Different Amendments on the Quality and Yield of Maize and Soil Physicochemical Properties in Saline-Alkali Soil
摘要
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of different amendments on the quality and yield of maize,as well as the soil's physi-cochemical properties in saline-alkali soils.Experiments were conducted in the saline-alkali lands of the Hetao Irrigation District in Inner Mongolia.In 2022,the local maize variety Hongfeng 556 was used as the study subject,with four treatments established:CK(control,no treatment),DG(15 000 kg·hm² of desulfurized gypsum),IA(15 000 kg·hm² of a new improvement agent),and BO(7 500 kg·hm² of bio-organic fertilizer).The aim was to assess the effects of these amendments on maize quality and yield in moderately to severely saline-alkali soils and to analyze changes in the physicochemical properties of the soil in 0～40 cm depth range.The results indicate that:① All amendments can improve the quality of maize grown in saline-alkali soils.BO significantly increases the crude protein content of maize grains by 23.69%compared to CK.All three amendments can significantly reduce the crude ash content of maize grains,with reductions of 6.06%,10.3%,and 10.9%compared to CK.IA can significantly increase the fat and starch content of maize grains by 8.2%and 3.27%,respectively,compared to CK.DG and IA can also significantly reduce the moisture content of maize grains by 13.2%and 11.5%compared to CK.② All amendments can significantly increase maize yield in saline-alkali soils,with increases of 38.34%,48.21%,and 40.81%compared to CK,respectively.The highest yield is observed under the new amendment treatment at 3 486.92 kg·hm2.BO can significantly increase both ear length and grain weight per ear by 36.03%and 38.21%compared to CK.IA and BO can also significantly increase the 100-grain weight by 12.05%and 13.13%compared to CK.DG can significantly reduce the barren tip length by 51.33%compared to CK,while BO can significantly increase the ear diameter by 17.03%compared to CK.③ The different amendment treatments can effectively improve the physico-chemical properties of the soil at depths of 0～20 cm and 21～40 cm.DG can significantly reduce the porosity of the soil at 0～20 cm by 5.03%compared to CK.All amendments can significantly reduce the bulk density of the soil at 21～40 cm,with reductions of 6.29%,6.29%,and 5.59%compared to CK.All amendments can also significantly increase the field water capacity of the soil at 0～20 cm by 8.83%,19.51%,and 12.53%,respectively,compared to CK.Additionally,all amendments can significantly reduce the total salt content of the soil at 0～40 cm with average reductions of 45.86%,41.66%,and 40.42%compared to CK.All amend-ments can significantly lower the pH of the soil at 21～40 cm with reductions of 5.95%,4.28%,and 3.45%compared to CK.④ Principal component analysis and membership function analysis indicate that the new amendment and bio-organic fertilizer receive high composite scores,suggesting their suitability for application in saline-alkali soils of Hetao,Inner Mongolia.Conse-quently,these amendments can be utilized to enhance the physicochemical properties of moderate and severe saline-alkali lands,thereby improving the quality and yield of local maize.关键词
改良剂/盐碱地/玉米/品质/产量Key words
amendment/saline-alkali soil/maize/quality/yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
武晋民,张恩,白小龙,赵军跃,张邦彦,刘盼婷,田丰,赵卉,王彬..不同改良剂对盐碱地玉米品质、产量及土壤理化性质的影响[J].农业科学研究,2025,46(4):65-72,8.基金项目
内蒙古土默特右旗盐碱地改良示范区科技项目 （）
河套灌区盐碱地改良利用重大战略咨询研究(2023NXZD6). （2023NXZD6）
