中国土壤与肥料Issue(12)：10-19,10.DOI:10.11838/sfsc.1673-6257.25162
苹果枝条生物炭对酸化果园土壤碳库、微生物特性与碳矿化的影响
Effects of apple branch biochar on soil carbon pool,microbial properties,and carbon mineralization in acidified orchard soils
摘要
Abstract
In recent years,biochar from discarded branches has been used to mitigate soil acidification in orchards.Yet its mechanisms for soil carbon sequestration and CO2 emissions under carbon neutrality goals remain unclear.This study used soil from an apple orchard established in 1991 in Gangdi village,Xingtai,Hebei province.Biochar products of B3,B4 and B6 were produced from pruned branches(ZT)at 300,450,and 600,respectively,and were added to soil at 2％.A control group without biochar or branch additions(CK)was included.A 90-day incubation experiment was conducted to assess biochar's impact on soil acidity,carbon pools,CO2 fluxes,microbial communities,and enzyme activity via modified Walkley-Black method,phospholipid fatty acids analysis,microplate fluorometry,and gas chromatography.Results showed:(1)Compared with CK,the application of biochar/branch significantly increased soil pH(by 11.6％-22.0％)and improved soil fertility[soil organic carbon(SOC)increased by 53.2％-83.9％,and total nitrogen(TN)increased by 30.6％～37.7％].The application of biochar/branch altered the composition of soil carbon pools.Biochar application increased the proportion of medium-low active and inert carbon pools,while branch application enhanced the proportion of highly active carbon pools.The SOC lability index(LI)was the highest in ZT(1.37),followed by CK(1.33),and then biochar treatments(1.27-1.31).(2)The application of biochar/branch significantly promoted soil microbial growth,with the highest microbial biomass in the B3 and ZT treatments,which were significantly higher than that in CK(increased by 56.5％and 56.7％,respectively).Redundancy analysis showed that TN,nitrate nitrogen,and LI jointly regulated microbial community structure.Additionally,the application of biochar/branch significantly increased the activity of soil hydrolases and oxidases,with stronger microbial hydrolytic activity in the ZT treatment and oxidative activity dominating in the biochar treatments.(3)The average CO2-C emission rate(SRR)and cumulative release showed as ZT and B3＞B4 and B6＞CK,with ZT and B3 significantly higher than CK(increases of 27.2％and 26.6％,respectively).While B4 and B6 had higher emissions than CK,the differences were not significant(P＞0.05).Partial least squares analysis indicated that microbial communities,LI,and SOC positively affected SRR,while soil pH indirectly influenced SRR by negatively regulating microbial communities.In summary,biochar produced at medium to high temperatures(450 and 600 ℃)could effectively reduce soil acidity,boost fertility,and enhance microbial and enzyme activity.关键词
生物炭/碳库/微生物/胞外酶活性/土壤碳矿化Key words
biochar/carbon pool/microorganism/extracellular enzyme activity/soil carbon mineralization引用本文复制引用
曹慧清,杨赛炜,周晟,贺小梦,张爽,张雪梅,栾好安..苹果枝条生物炭对酸化果园土壤碳库、微生物特性与碳矿化的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2025,(12):10-19,10.基金项目
河北省自然科学基金项目(C2024204108) （C2024204108）
河北省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设(HBCT2024150206) （HBCT2024150206）
河北省重点研发计划项目(23316801D) （23316801D）
河北农业大学引进人才科研项目(YJ2020054). （YJ2020054）
