中国土壤与肥料Issue(12)：28-35,8.DOI:10.11838/sfsc.1673-6257.25194
土壤肥力和施氮量对红壤性稻田残留化肥氮去向的影响
Effects of soil fertility and nitrogen rates on the fate of residual fertilizer nitrogen in red paddy fields
摘要
Abstract
Residual nitrogen fertilizer from the current season significantly impacts the yield and nitrogen supply of subsequent crops.However,research on the fate of residual nitrogen from the previous season in subsequent crops remains limited.This study employed the 15N labeling technique,using soils classified as low(FL),medium(FM),and high(FH)fertility based on organic matter content,and three nitrogen rates of 90,150,and 210 kg·hm-2(denoted as N90,N150,and N210,respectively)to clarify the effects of soil fertility and nitrogen input on the fate of residual nitrogen from the early rice season in the late rice season.Results indicated that enhancing soil fertility significantly increased both the residual amount and residual rate of nitrogen fertilizer in the early rice season.Higher nitrogen rates significantly increased the residual amount but reduced the residual rate.Compared to FL,FH and FM increased the residual nitrogen amount in the early rice season by 97.7％and 55.5％,and elevated the residual rate by 19.3 and 10.1 percentage points,respectively.Relative to N90,N150 and N210 increased the residual nitrogen amount by 43.3％and 67.3％,respectively,while N210 reduced the residual rate by 10.3 percentage points,with no significant effect observed for N150.Regarding the fate of residual nitrogen from the early rice season in the late rice season,improving soil fertility significantly enhanced residual nitrogen utilization and retention rates while decreasing loss rates.Conversely,increasing nitrogen rates significantly elevated utilization and loss rates but reduced retention rates.Compared to FL,FH and FM increased the utilization rate of residual nitrogen in the late rice season by 2.4 and 2.0 percentage points,respectively.FH increased the residual rate by 3.4 percentage points relative to FL,whereas FM showed no significant difference.Additionally,FH and FM reduced loss rates by 5.8 and 3.8 percentage points,respectively.Compared to N90,N150 and N210 improved residual nitrogen utilization rates by 3.1 and 6.2 percentage points,but reduced residual rates by 5.3 and 12.0 percentage points,respectively.N210 increased the loss rate by 4.8 percentage points,while N150 exhibited no significant impact.Therefore,enhancing soil fertility could improve the utilization efficiency of residual nitrogen in the late rice season and reduce its loss rate.Moderately reducing nitrogen rates in the early rice season could not only decrease residual nitrogen accumulation,but also mitigate its loss rate in the subsequent season.关键词
双季稻/氮素残留/土壤肥力/氮肥Key words
double rice/residual nitrogen/soil fertility/nitrogen fertilizer引用本文复制引用
祝建民,付文涛,万新才,黄山,孙艳妮..土壤肥力和施氮量对红壤性稻田残留化肥氮去向的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2025,(12):28-35,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(31960397) （31960397）
井冈山农高区省级科技专项(20222-051246). （20222-051246）
