中国土壤与肥料Issue(12)：36-48,13.DOI:10.11838/sfsc.1673-6257.25362
减氮协同生物炭添加对潮土小麦-玉米轮作系统氨挥发及氮淋溶的影响
The effect of nitrogen reduction synergistic biochar addition on ammonia volatilization and nitrogen leaching in the wheat-maize rotation system in fluvo-aquic soil
摘要
Abstract
The pH value of fluvo-aquic soil is high,and fertilization is likely to cause soil nitrogen leaching and soil ammonia volatilization.Reducing the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer and adsorbing with biochar are important measures to reduce soil ammonia volatilization and nitrogen leaching.In this study,the combination of reducing nitrogen application and adding biochar was adopted to reduce soil ammonia volatilization and nitrogen leaching after fertilization of fluvo-aquic soil.Five treatments were set up,namely no fertilization(CK),farmers'habitual fertilization(CF),reduced nitrogen fertilization(OF),farmers' habitual fertilization+biochar(CFB),and reduced nitrogen fertilization+biochar(OFB).The experimental results showed that the soil ammonia volatilization after nitrogen fertilizer application was significantly higher than that of the CK treatment.Compared with the CF treatment,the soil ammonia volatilization of OF,CFB,and OFB was significantly reduced by 13.47％—21.21％,14.43％—20.76％,and 26.04％—35.15％,respectively.In terms of soil nitrate nitrogen leaching,compared with the CF treatment,OF,CFB,and OFB significantly reduced it by 19.75％-23.77％,20.43％-22.54％,and 32.17％-47.03％,respectively.Reducing nitrogen fertilization and adding biochar significantly reduced soil ammonia volatilization and nitrate nitrogen leaching,and there was no significant reduction in crop yield under reduced fertilization.Structural equation model analysis found that the direct effects(λ)of nitrogen fertilizer application on the cumulative ammonia emission,total nitrogen loss,and grain yield were 0.925***,0.960***,and 0.533***,respectively.The direct effects(λ)of biochar on the cumulative ammonia emission and total nitrogen loss were-0.273***and 0.293*,respectively.Biochar had an indirect effect on grain yield through the cumulative ammonia emission and total nitrogen loss.The research results showed that reducing nitrogen fertilization combined with biochar could synergistically reduce soil ammonia volatilization and nitrogen leaching,and the effect of biochar on grain yield was indirectly reflected through nitrogen loss.关键词
减量施氮/生物炭/小麦-玉米轮作/氨挥发/氮淋溶Key words
nitrogen reducing/biochar/wheat maize rotation/ammonia volatilization/nitrogen leaching引用本文复制引用
王小非,刘沅,杜君,李太魁,和爱玲,刘高远..减氮协同生物炭添加对潮土小麦-玉米轮作系统氨挥发及氮淋溶的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2025,(12):36-48,13.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1700900) （2021YFD1700900）
河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2025ZC102). （2025ZC102）
