中国土壤与肥料Issue(12)：73-82,10.DOI:10.11838/sfsc.1673-6257.25151
减氮配施微生物菌剂对小麦根际土壤肥力与微生物群落的影响
Effects of nitrogen fertilizer reduction combined with microbial agent on rhizosphere soil fertility and microbial community in wheat field
摘要
Abstract
The study investigated the effects of reduced nitrogen fertilization combined with microbial inoculants on the rhizosphere soil fertility and microbial community of wheat,aiming to improve the rhizosphere soil environment.Five treatments were established,including a control without nitrogen fertilizer and microbial inoculants(CK),full nitrogen fertilizer(N1),20％nitrogen reduction with microbial inoculants(N0.8B),10％nitrogen reduction with microbial inoculants(N0.9B),and full nitrogen fertilizer with microbial inoculants(N1B).The soil physical and chemical properties,enzyme activity,and microbial community structure of the wheat rhizosphere soil under different fertilization treatments were measured.Mantel test and redundancy analysis were used to explore the interactions between soil fertility and microbial communities.The results showed that:(1)The combined application of microbial inoculants regulated soil pH and improved the soil physical and chemical properties and enzyme activities in wheat rhizosphere soils.Specifically,the N1B treatment showed significantly higher organic matter(OM),available phosphorus(AP),and available potassium(AK)contents,as well as urease(UE)and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activities,compared to the N1 treatment(P＜0.05).Additionally,the N0.9B treatment exhibited significantly higher total nitrogen(TN),alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen(AN),and AP contents than the N1 treatment(P＜0.05),with the highest sucrose(SC)and catalase(CAT)activities.(2)The reduced nitrogen application combined with microbial inoculants decreased microbial diversity but increased microbial richness,though the differences were not statistically significant(P＞0.05).(3)The major bacterial phyla in the wheat rhizosphere soil were Proteobacteria,Acidobacteriota,and Actinobacteriota,and the major bacterial genera were norank_f_norank_o_Vicinamibacterales,norank_f_Vicinamibacteraceae,and Sphingomonas.The fungal phyla included Ascomycota,Mortierellomycota,and Basidiomycota,with the major fungal genera being Chaetomium,Mortierella,and Pyrenochaetopsis.Compared to the N1 treatment,the N0.9B treatment resulted in a decrease in the abundance of Proteobacteria,while the abundances of Acidobacteriota and Ascomycota increased.(4)Among the dominant phyla,Acidobacteriota and Basidiomycota were positively correlated with environmental factors,while Proteobacteria,Actinobacteriota,Ascomycota,and Mortierellomycota were negatively correlated with these factors.Notably,soil pH and TN content were the primary environmental factors influencing the microbial community,with AN,OM,AK contents,as well as UE and ALP activities also playing a role in shaping the microbial community structure.Therefore,reduced nitrogen fertilization combined with microbial inoculants application significantly enhanced comprehensive soil fertility and optimized microbial community structure in wheat fields.Based on integrated analysis of soil nutrients and microbial characteristics,field implementation of 10％nitrogen reduction coupled with full-growth-stage microbial inoculants application was recommend.This practice not only improved fertilizer use efficiency but also reduced nitrogen input,thereby providing a scientific reference for field practices aiming to reduce fertilizer application while enhancing productivity.关键词
小麦/减氮/微生物菌剂/土壤理化性质/土壤酶活性/根际微生物群落Key words
wheat/nitrogen reduction/microbial inoculants/soil physical and chemical properties/soil enzyme activity/rhizosphere microbial community引用本文复制引用
余英英,杨红梅,史应武,夏建强,楚敏,王宁,包慧芳..减氮配施微生物菌剂对小麦根际土壤肥力与微生物群落的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2025,(12):73-82,10.基金项目
新疆维吾尔自治区科技支疆项目(2022E02074) （2022E02074）
丝绸之路经济带创新驱动发展试验区、乌昌石国家自主创新示范区科技发展计划项目(2022LQ03017) （2022LQ03017）
中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目(ZYYD2024CG04). （ZYYD2024CG04）
