西北农业学报2026，Vol.35Issue(3)：447-456,10.DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2026.03.005
减量施氮和秸秆还田实现麦玉轮作系统氮平衡
Nitrogen Balance in Wheat and Maize Rotation System Under Reduced Nitrogen Application and Straw Returning to Field
摘要
Abstract
Based on a long-term in situ experiment conducted on the Guanzhong Plain from 2018-2020,four treatments were set up:traditional nitrogen application without straw returning to the field(N1S0),reduced nitrogen application with straw returning to the field(N1S),reduced nitrogen applica-tion without straw returning to the field(N0.7S0),and reduced nitrogen application with straw retur-ning to the field(N0.7S).The effects of straw returning and reduced nitrogen application on the soil ni-trogen balance and crop productivity in the wheat-maize growing season were investigated for two con-secutive years from 2018 to 2020.The results showed that straw returning(S)significantly increased annual seed yield,annual NH3 volatilization and annual N2O emission by 7.31%-8.01%,30.76%-40.74%and 62.45%-73.96%,respectively,compared with no straw returning to the field(S0);Tra-ditional N application(N1)significantly reduced annual NH3 volatilization by 17.71%-22.36%com-pared with N1S.The loss of nitrate-nitrogen from the 0-200 cm soil layer was lowest under N0.7S;the nitrogen balance values of N1S0,N1S,N0.7S0 and N0.7S were 67.7-84.3,135.8-152.9,-2-11.8 and 53.6-73.1 kg/hm2,respectively.In N0.7S0,although the nitrogen balance was the lowest,its value reached-2 kg/hm2 in the 2019-2020 growing season,indicating a potential risk of nitrogen deficit.Considering crop yield,N losses and N balance,the N0.7S treatment minimized gaseous nitrogen emissions,nitrate-N leaching,and overall system nitrogen surplus while maintaining seed yield.There-fore,N0.7S represents an environmentally friendly and sustainable nitrogen management strategy for wheat-maize rotation systems.关键词
减量施氮/秸秆还田/麦玉轮作/氮平衡Key words
Reduced nitrogen application/Straw returning/Wheat-maize rotation/Nitrogen balance引用本文复制引用
邹亮,冯永忠,谢心雨,黄禹铭,白金泽,白雨欣,宋鉴恒,王晨瑜,王兴,任广鑫..减量施氮和秸秆还田实现麦玉轮作系统氮平衡[J].西北农业学报,2026,35(3):447-456,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(31971859).The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31971859). （31971859）
