西北农业学报2026，Vol.35Issue(2)：199-210,12.DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1004-1389.2026.02.001
春小麦种质资源籽粒性状遗传多样性分析及综合评价
Genetic Diversity Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Grain Traits in Spring Wheat Germplasm Resources
摘要
Abstract
The genetic diversity of grain traits in spring wheat germplasm resources was investigated and superior genotypes were identified,aiming to provide elite parental materials for high yield breed-ing.In this study,195 spring wheat germplasm accessions were comprehensively evaluated for eight key grain traits-thousand grain mass(TGW),area,perimeter,length,width,length to width rati-o,thickness,and roundness-across four different environments(Xining,Guide,Xiangride,and Yuanmou).The results showed that the performance of these traits varied depending on the environ-ment.Among them,TGW exhibited the greatest genetic variation,while grain perimeter and length demonstrated the strongest environmental stability.The Guide site displayed higher genetic richness compared to the other three locations.Phenotypic normality tests indicated that all traits followed a normal distribution,with TGW showing extremely significant(P<0.001)positive correlations with grain area,perimeter,length,width,and thickness.The variance analysis revealed that all eight grain traits were significantly influenced by genotype,environment,and their interaction effects.Based on phenotypic clustering,the 195 germplasms were divided into three groups:Group Ⅰ(n=44)exhibited the highest TGW,largest grain area,width,and thickness,representing the best over-all performance;Group Ⅱ(n=79)performed poorly in all traits except roundness and thickness;and Group Ⅲ(n=72)showed intermediate performance.By combining principal component analysis(PCA)and the AMMI model,seven elite germplasms with superior comprehensive traits were ulti-mately selected.These findings provide an important theoretical basis and valuable breeding materials for the genetic improvement of spring wheat germplasm resources.关键词
春小麦/种质资源/籽粒性状/遗传多样性/综合评价Key words
Spring wheat/Germplasm resources/Grain traits/Genetic diversity/Comprehensive evaluation引用本文复制引用
刁玉虹,苏胜春,姚有华,尚俊秀,杨彩凤,李德卿,姚晓华,丁宝军,李新,崔永梅,刘国栋..春小麦种质资源籽粒性状遗传多样性分析及综合评价[J].西北农业学报,2026,35(2):199-210,12.基金项目
青海省种业创新攻关"揭榜挂帅"项目"小麦种质创新利用及品种选育". Qinghai Provincial Seed Industry Innovation Project of"Wheat Germplasm Innova-tion and Utilization and Variety Selection and Breeding". （）
