空军军医大学学报2026，Vol.47Issue(1)：1-10,10.DOI:10.13276/j.issn.2097-1656.2026.01.001
空天微生物与生物安全:潜在风险与转化机遇
Aerospace microbiology and biosecurity:potential risks and translational opportunities
摘要
Abstract
Aerospace biosafety is a critical field dedicated to ensuring the safety of spaceflight and preventing extraterrestrial biological risks.Unique aerospace environmental factors—such as microgravity,radiation,temperature,and atmospheric pressure—act as significant selective pressures that drive microbial adaptation.These changes may manifest as reactivation of latent viruses in the host,enhanced bacterial pathogenicity,and structural alterations in the gut,skin,and oral microbiota.Currently,microbial control measures are implemented across all spacecraft systems,from material selection to sterilization processes,to mitigate external contamination.However,the human microbiome,consisting of symbiotic microorganisms,cannot be fully eradicated,thereby posing a potential biosafety risk.Meanwhile,the unique aerospace environment may also offer new perspectives for discovering novel patterns of microbial stress-driven evolution,new targets for pathogenicity alteration,and new mechanisms of host-pathogen immune interactions.This review systematically summarizes the impact of unique aerospace environmental factors on latent viruses and common opportunistic pathogens,as well as their underlying mechanisms,aiming to provide novel insights and strategic approaches for medical protection,systematic prevention,and coordinated ground-space exploitation of new resources to ensure spaceflight safety.关键词
航空航天医学/菌群/潜伏病毒/机会性感染/生物安全/微重力/宇宙辐射/感染控制Key words
aerospace medicine/microbial community/latent virus/opportunistic infections/biosafety/microgravity/cosmic radiation/infection control分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
刘勇..空天微生物与生物安全:潜在风险与转化机遇[J].空军军医大学学报,2026,47(1):1-10,10.基金项目
陕西省创新能力支撑计划项目(2023-CX-TD-66) （2023-CX-TD-66）
生物安全"十三五"建设计划设施平台建设项目(A3705012007) （A3705012007）
