中国人口·资源与环境2025，Vol.35Issue(11)：27-36,10.DOI:10.12062/cpre.20250127
工业机器人、ESG信息披露与企业碳减排
Industrial robots,ESG disclosure,and corporate carbon reduction:empirical evidence from specialized and sophisticated SMEs
摘要
Abstract
Despite the significant scale effects and improvement potential of numerous small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs)in carbon emission reduction,their low-carbon transformation generally faces the practical predicament of insufficient motivation and slow progress.Industrial robots are key core technologies for intelligent manufacturing,energy conservation and efficiency improvement,and innovative transformation.Meanwhile,ESG(environmental,social and governance,ESG)also provides continuous external constraints and internal supervision for corporate development.Can this"technology-institution"dual-wheel drive model help SMEs break through the predicament of low-carbon transformation?As the backbone of high-level scientific and technological innovation,specialized and so-phisticated SMEs have provided ideal sample evidence and practical guidelines for verifying this theoretical framework.Based on data from specialized and sophisticated SMEs in China from 2014 to 2022,this study empirically examined the impact mechanisms of indus-trial robot application on corporate carbon emissions.The study found that:① The increase in the application of industrial robots by these specialized and sophisticated SMEs could significantly reduce carbon emissions.After a series of robustness tests,including vari-able replacement and construction of instrumental variables,the above conclusion still held.② From the perspective of the mechanism of action,the increase in the penetration of industrial robots by these enterprises could significantly reduce energy consumption and im-prove the efficiency of corporate capital allocation,thereby promoting the green development of enterprises.③ The improvement of ESG disclosure levels had a positive moderating effect on the carbon emission reduction effect of industrial robot application.④ Fur-ther research found that the carbon emission reduction effect of industrial robot application was more significant for enterprises with higher R&D investment and those in capital-and technology-intensive industries.Based on the above conclusions,this study proposes the following suggestions:the government,in accordance with the differences in R&D investment and factor intensity,should encourage and support SMEs to introduce industrial robot technology in a timely manner through tax policies and other means and to increase R&D investment.Enterprises should also deeply recognize the importance of ESG disclosure,improve their green awareness and envi-ronmental governance capabilities,and strengthen ESG management practices based on new technologies to achieve sustainable devel-opment.关键词
工业机器人/ESG信息披露/企业碳减排/专精特新Key words
industrial robot/ESG disclosure/carbon emission reduction/specialized and sophisticated SMEs分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
韩艳旗,黄克平..工业机器人、ESG信息披露与企业碳减排[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2025,35(11):27-36,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目"典型行业碳足迹基础数据库与绩效评价体系研究"(批准号:2021YFF0601005) （批准号:2021YFF0601005）
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"地膜回收利用生态价值核算体系构建与核算应用研究"(批准号:24YJC790065) （批准号:24YJC790065）
国家社会科学基金重大项目"气候智慧型农业碳减排及碳交易市场机制研究"(批准号:19ZDA085). （批准号:19ZDA085）
