中国输血杂志2026，Vol.39Issue(1)：69-75,7.DOI:10.13303/j.cjbt.issn.1004-549x.2026.01.010
烟台地区献血者ABO与Rh血型抗原表型分布及群体遗传频率研究
Phenotypic distribution and population genetic frequency analysis of ABO and Rh blood group antigens among vol-untary blood donors in Yantai
摘要
Abstract
Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of ABO and Rh blood group antigen phenotypes a-mong blood donors in the Yantai,Shandong.Methods Blood samples from 310 180 voluntary blood donors in Yantai col-lected from January 2019 to December 2023 were tested for ABO and Rh blood group antigens using standard serological methods.RhD-negative samples were further typed for C,c,E,and e antigens.Population genetic analysis of blood groups was performed:allele frequencies were inferred from ABO phenotypes,and Rh allele/haplotype frequencies were estimated based on the proportion of RhD-negative donors and CcEe antigen typing,followed by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium testing.Results The phenotypic distribution frequency of ABO blood groups was B(32.72%)>O(28.93%)>A(27.65%)>AB(10.70%).The inferred allele frequencies were r(53.74%)>q(24.78%)>p(21.48%),consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P>0.05).A total of 1 872 Rh-negative donors(0.603%)were identified.The most common Rh phenotypes were ccdee(59.56%)and Ccdee(30.18%).The distribution of Rh antigen phenotypes deviated significantly from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(χ2=37.15,P<0.001),with the cde haplotype showing the highest frequency.There was no statisti-cally significant difference in ABO blood group distribution between RhD-positive and RhD-negative donors(P>0.05).Conclusion The ABO blood group distribution among voluntary blood donors in Yantai is generally stable and consistent with population genetic equilibrium,whereas the Rh antigen phenotype distribution deviates from equilibrium,indicating po-tential underlying genetic structural differences.关键词
ABO血型/Rh血型/抗原表型/Hardy-Weinberg平衡/献血者Key words
ABO blood group/Rh blood group/antigen phenotype/Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium/blood donors分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
宋和蔚,张晓军,徐群,刘祥忠,郭楠,孙迪..烟台地区献血者ABO与Rh血型抗原表型分布及群体遗传频率研究[J].中国输血杂志,2026,39(1):69-75,7.基金项目
山东省公共卫生学会科研项目(SDPHA202420) （SDPHA202420）
烟台市科技创新发展计划项目(2024YD064) （2024YD064）
