中国输血杂志2026，Vol.39Issue(1)：76-82,7.DOI:10.13303/j.cjbt.issn.1004-549x.2026.01.011
济南地区全血献血不良反应影响因素分析
Analysis of influencing factors of adverse reactions in whole blood donation in Jinan
摘要
Abstract
Objective To explore the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of adverse reactions in whole blood donation in Jinan,Shandong,so as to provide evidence for the prevention and control of such adverse reactions in this region.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on whole blood donors and adverse reaction cases in Jinan during 2023.To explore influencing factors of adverse reactions,univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to examine the relationships between adverse reactions and factors such as gender,age,donation organization mode,dona-tion frequency,donation volume,time slot,and health examination results.Results A total of 122 961 whole blood dona-tions were recorded in Jinan in 2023.Donation-related adverse reactions occurred in 2 054 cases,with an incidence rate of 1.67%.Univariate analysis revealed significant differences in the incidence of adverse reactions across donor characteris-tics:the rate was higher in females(2.35%,921/39 192)than in males(1.35%,1 133/83 769),donors aged 18-25 years had the highest incidence(3.48%,1 799/51 733),the incidence in group donations(3.13%,1,737/55 534)was significantly higher than in individual donations(0.47%,317/67 427),and insufficient blood collection was closely asso-ciated with adverse reactions(all P<0.001).Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified group donation,female gen-der,and a pulse rate of 81-99 beats per minute as risk factors for adverse reactions(all P<0.001),while systolic blood pressure of 116-139 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure of 76-89 mmHg were protective factors(all P<0.05).Compared to younger and lower-weight donor groups,older and higher-weight donors had a significantly lower risk of adverse reactions(all P<0.05).Donors giving 400 mL had a higher risk than those giving 200 mL(P<0.001).In addition,compared with the donation time slot of 7:00-8:59,the risk of adverse reactions was significantly higher during 9:00-16:59,with the time slot of 13:00-14:59 showing the most prominent risk(all P<0.05).However,no statistically significant difference was observed between the time slot of 17:00-20:59 and that of 7:00-8:59(P>0.05).The primary clinical manifestation of ad-verse reactions was donation-related vasovagal reaction,with mental tension being the leading precipitating factor,account-ing for 69.08%(1 419/2 054)of cases.Conclusion The occurrence of adverse reactions in whole blood donation in the Jinan is influenced by multiple factors,including donor demographic characteristics,donation organization mode,physiolog-ical indicators,and time of donation.It is recommended to enhance the identification and intervention for high-risk groups,and optimize donation processes and service models to reduce the incidence of adverse reactions,thereby ensuring donor safety and blood quality.关键词
无偿献血/献血不良反应/全血/影响因素/团体献血Key words
voluntary blood donation/blood donation adverse reactions/whole blood/influencing factors/group dona-tion分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
呼娜,张强,王惜媛,樊冰,金孟民,贺韦东..济南地区全血献血不良反应影响因素分析[J].中国输血杂志,2026,39(1):76-82,7.基金项目
山东省医务职工科技创新计划(SDYWZGKCJH2024055) （SDYWZGKCJH2024055）
