中山大学学报（医学科学版）2026，Vol.47Issue(1)：29-42,14.DOI:10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20250115
中枢神经系统边界免疫机制与疾病研究进展
Border-Associated Immunity of the Central Nervous System,Mechanistic Insights and Disease Implications
摘要
Abstract
The central nervous system(CNS)has long been regarded as an"immune privilege"region.However,evidence in the past decade has demonstrated that the CNS maintains intricate communication with the peripheral immune system through a series of border structures.These CNS border structures include meninges,choroid plexus,perivascular spaces,skull bone marrow,and deep cervical lymph nodes.They not only serve as physical barriers but also as niches enriched in immune cells,functioning as critical hubs for antigen drainage and signal transmission.Under homeostatic conditions,these structures work synergistically to sustain immune balance and neural function.In pathological states,they mediate inflammatory responses,immune cell recruitment,and tissue repair,playing pivotal roles in the initiation and progression of major CNS disorders such as ischemic stroke,tumors,infections,neuroinflammation,and neurodegenerative diseases.This review systematically summarizes the anatomical organization and immune features of CNS border structures,with a focus on their functions in both homeostatic and pathological conditions.Incorporating the latest research findings,we also explore their potential as therapeutic targets for CNS diseases.关键词
中枢神经系统/边界结构/边界免疫/神经免疫互作/免疫微环境Key words
central nervous system/border structure/border-associated immunity/neuroimmune interaction/immune microenvironment分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
吴心悦,张弩..中枢神经系统边界免疫机制与疾病研究进展[J].中山大学学报（医学科学版）,2026,47(1):29-42,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(82125024) （82125024）
