电波科学学报2026，Vol.41Issue(1)：79-88,10.DOI:10.12265/j.cjors.2025149
基于多通道U-Net的室内电磁波传播路径损耗预测方法
Multi-channel U-Net based prediction method for indoor electromagnetic wave propagation path loss
摘要
Abstract
Accurate and efficient indoor electromagnetic wave propagation prediction is a fundamental basis for the planning and optimization of wireless communication systems.Traditional methods suffer from significantly increased computational complexity at high frequency bands due to the complex propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves,making it difficult to meet real-time requirements.Meanwhile,existing deep learning models also face certain limitations in adaptability and prediction accuracy for high frequency bands.This paper proposes a multi-channel U-Net deep learning model(mU-Net),which models antenna directional characteristics,reflective channel contributions,transmissive channel contributions,and free-space path loss(FSPL)as four independent feature channels.By feeding these into a multi-channel U-Net,the network captures the differentiated impacts of various propagation mechanisms.Its asymmetric encoder-decoder structure further integrates multi-source features and resolves complex structural scattering and diffraction details,ultimately producing high-resolution path loss prediction maps.The proposed method deeply fuses high-frequency feature information,overcoming the low real-time performance and insufficient accuracy of existing methods.Finally,path loss prediction results from three different scenarios demonstrate that the proposed mU-Net significantly outperforms typical existing prediction methods in key metrics such as accuracy,structural similarity,and prediction efficiency,with particularly notable performance gains in high-frequency scenarios.This provides a high-accuracy,high-efficiency solution for indoor electromagnetic wave propagation prediction in high-frequency bands.关键词
室内电磁波传播/路径损耗(PL)/高频段/深度学习/多通道/U-NetKey words
indoor electromagnetic wave propagation/path loss/high-frequency/deep learning/multi-channel/U-Net分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
关策,宋欣蔚,岳云涛..基于多通道U-Net的室内电磁波传播路径损耗预测方法[J].电波科学学报,2026,41(1):79-88,10.基金项目
北京市教育委员会科学研究计划项目(KM202210016005)R&D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(KM202210016005) （KM202210016005）
