地质科技通报2026，Vol.45Issue(1)：95-109,15.DOI:10.19509/j.cnki.dzkq.tb20240149
走滑型断溶体形成机制与油气成藏研究进展
Research progress on formation mechanism and hydrocarbon accumulation of strike-slip fault-karst reservoir
摘要
Abstract
[Significance]Fault-karst systems are widely developed in many basins in China and have become a new hot topic in geoscience due to the huge petroleum resources.However,the reservoirs of fault-karst systems are typically deeply buried and challenging to explore,resulting in an urgent need for a consensus understanding of trap classification,formation mechanisms,and controlling factors.[Progress and Conclusions]Based on a comprehensive literature review,this paper deeply discusses the formation mechanism of fault-karst reservoirs,which are fracture-vuggy carbonate systems formed by karstification influenced by multi-stage tectonic activities.First,the basic concept of the fault-karst reservoir is reviewed.The fault-karst reservoirs are characterized by deep burial,strong heterogeneity,and significant variations in fluid properties.Then,the critical role of strike-slip faults in hydrocarbon accumulation and migration is emphasized.Based on the analysis of geological data in the Shunbei area and other regions of the Tarim Basin,this paper reveals the trap types,formation mechanisms,and reservoir-controlling factors of the fault-karst reservoir.The analysis concludes that the segmentation of strike-slip faults,the activity of solvent fluid,and the timely emplacement of hydrocarbons are crucial to the development of fault-karst reservoir.Furthermore,the roles of atmospheric freshwater,hydrothermal fluids,and hydrocarbon fluids in reservoir reconstruction are discussed,illustrating how they jointly affect the formation and distribution of fault-karst reservoir.Finally,the paper summarizes the reservoir-forming models of the fault-karst reservoir.[Prospects]The discovery and ongoing research into fault-karst reservoirs have unveiled a new and promising frontier for petroleum exploration.关键词
断溶体/圈闭类型/形成机制/控藏作用/走滑断层/成藏模式Key words
fault-karst reservoir/trap type/formation mechanism/reservoir control/strike-slip fault/accumulation model分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
王露露,代宗仰,李阳,高洋,任铌,郭子家..走滑型断溶体形成机制与油气成藏研究进展[J].地质科技通报,2026,45(1):95-109,15.基金项目
中国石油-西南石油大学创新联合体项目"深层碳酸盐岩规模储层形成、改造机理及优质储集区带预测"(2020CX010301) （2020CX010301）
