果树学报2026，Vol.43Issue(2)：346-355,10.DOI:10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20250043
异花授粉对青皮红心柚坐果率、果实生长发育及品质的影响
Effect of cross-pollination on fruit set,growth and quality of pomelo with red flesh and green peel
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Poor fruit set rate,unstable yield,and variable quality are the significant chal-lenges in cultivating the green peel and red flesh pomelo[Citrus maxima(Burm.)Merr.].This study ex-amined the effects of pollen source on fruit set,growth,and quality,with regard to xenia(pollen direct effect on fruit and seed traits)and metaxenia(its influence on maternal tissue development)The aim was to identify optimal pollinizer varieties to enhance yield and fruit quality.[Methods]Mature 10-year-old red-flesh,green-peel pomelo trees served as seed parents.Artificial cross-pollination was per-formed using pollen from three pomelo varieties:Hongbaoshi,Dongshizao,and Vietnam Red Pumme-lo.Fruit set rate,fruit growth,and quality parameters(single fruit mass,longitudinal diameter,trans-verse diameter,peel thickness,total soluble solids(TSS),titratable acid(TA),vitamin C(Vc)content,seed number,edible rate,flesh segment number,and flesh color)were measured.Self-pollination served as the control.Data analysis included correlation analysis and comprehensive analysis and evaluation of the impact of pollinizers on the fruit set rate,growth and development,and quality of the green peel red flesh pomelo.[Results]Cross-pollination significantly increased fruit set rate compared with self-polli-nation.Metaxenia effects were evident,resulting in a more uniform,nearly spherical fruit shape(fruit shape index closer to 1).Cross-pollinated fruits exhibited significantly higher levels of gibberellin(GA3)and cytokinin(CTK)compared to self-pollinated fruits.Auxin(IAA)significantly increased in fruits pollinated with Hongbaoshi Pomelo and Vietnamese Red Pomelo.TSS was 1%-2%higher than self-pollination,with Hongbaoshi achieving the highest(10.97%).Flesh redness,potentially linked to higher sugar accumulation,was enhanced.Vc content was also increased(40-50 mg·100 g-1 vs 30-40 mg·100 g-1 in self-pollinated fruit).Peel thickness was reduced but seed number increased(95-112vs average 71 in natural pollination).Hybrid seeds were cuneiform,flattened,with fin-like ribbed surfaces.While fruits from pollination with Vietnamese red pomelo had the thinnest peel and smaller fruit size.Correlation analysis revealed that fruit weight had a highly significant positive correlation with both fruit length and width(P＜0.01);fruit length exhibited a highly significant positive correlation with both fruit width and shape index(P＜0.01).Flesh recovery had a highly significant negative correlation with peel thickness(P＜0.01)and a significant positive correlation with seed number(P＜0.05).TSS exhibited a significant positive correlation while titratable acid content demonstrated a highly signifi-cant negative correlation with the solids-to-acid ratio(P＜0.05).Metaxenia and xenia effects varied sig-nificantly among pollinizer varieties.Based on comprehensive evaluation,the Hongbaoshi Pomelo as pollen source yielded the best fruit quality.[Conclusion]Cross-pollination significantly improved fruit set rate and enhanced multiple fruit quality attributes in red-flesh,green-peel pomelo,displaying pro-nounced Xenia and metaxenia effects.Hongbaoshi pomelo was identified as the most effective polliniz-er variety.Rational selection of pollinizer varieties in production is recommended to boost fruit set,yield stability,and fruit quality.This study provided practical guidance for improving the cultivation of red-flesh,green-peel pomelo.关键词
青皮红心柚/花粉直感/异花授粉/坐果率/果实品质/综合评价Key words
Pomelo with red flesh and green peel/Xenia/Cross-pollination/Fruit setting rate/Fruit quality/Comprehensive assessment分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
毕光林,胡玲,陈林杨,杨永智,李春,李永慧,丰国蕊,李万云,赵东兴..异花授粉对青皮红心柚坐果率、果实生长发育及品质的影响[J].果树学报,2026,43(2):346-355,10.基金项目
技术创新人才培养对象项目赵东兴(202405AD350031) （202405AD350031）
云南省红河热带农业科学研究所青年人才成长基金(HHS2024003) （HHS2024003）
云南省院士(专家)工作站项目"云南省伊华林专家工作站"(202305AF150145) （专家）
