南方农业学报2025，Vol.56Issue(11)：3352-3360,9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2025.11.005
有机氮替代比例对贵州山地茶园土壤酸化特征的影响
Effects of organic nitrogen substitution ratio on soil acidification characteristics of mountain tea plantations in Guizhou
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aimed to explore the effects of different organic nitrogen substitution ratios on soil acidification characteristics of mountain tea plantations in Guizhou,screen appropriate organic nitrogen substitution ratio,providing a theoretical basis for preventing and controlling soil acidification and promoting green and healthy develop-ment of tea plantations.[Method]A field experiment was conducted in a typical tea-producing area in Guizhou.Seven fer-tilization treatments were set up:no fertilization control(CK),sole application of chemical fertilizer(ON0),20%organic nitrogen substituting chemical fertilizer nitrogen(ON20),40%organic nitrogen substituting chemical fertilizer ni-trogen(ON40),60%organic nitrogen substituting chemical fertilizer nitrogen(ON60),80%organic nitrogen substituting chemical fertilizer nitrogen(ON80),and 100%organic nitrogen substituting chemical fertilizer nitrogen(ON100).The soil samples from the 0-20 cm plough layer were collected before winter fertilization in tea plantations,and the soil pH,exchangeable acid(exchangeable H+,exchangeable Al3+),and exchangeable base ions(Ca2+,Mg2+,K+,Na+)were mea-sured and analyzed.The relationships between soil pH and exchangeable acid as well as exchangeable base ions were fitted,and the random forest regression was used to analyze the importance of different factors on soil pH variations.[Result]Compared with CK,the soil pH of ON0 treatment decreased slightly,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).Compared with ON0 treatment,the soil pH in the treatment of organic nitrogen substituting chemical fer-tilizer nitrogen increased by 0.80%-28.27%,with significant differences observed in ON60-ON100 treatments(P<0.05,the same below).Compared with ON0 treatment,the contents of soil exchangeable acid,exchangeable H+,and exchangeable Al3+in ON40-ON100 treatments significantly decreased by 41.13%-68.44%,55.77%-65.38%and 37.83%-69.13%,respec-tively.The contents of exchangeable Ca2+,exchangeable Mg2+,and total amount of base ions in ON20-ON100 treatments significantly increased by 20.36%-113.91%,30.69%-99.01%,and 14.58%-81.84%,respectively.The proportion of exchangeable Al3+accounted for 79.78%-86.50%of the exchangeable acid,and the proportion of exchangeable Ca2+accounted for 63.34%-74.61%of the total exchangeable base ions.Soil pH showed an extremely significant negative cor-relation(P<0.01,the same below)with contents of exchangeable acid,exchangeable H+,and exchangeable Al3+,and an extremely significant positive correlation with contents of exchangeable Ca2+and exchangeable Mg2+.The results of random forest analysis showed that soil pH was most affected by contents of exchangeable Ca2+and exchangeable Mg2+.[Conclusion]Soil pH in tea plantations is mainly affected by the contents of exchangeable Ca2+and exchangeable Mg2+.The substitution of organic nitrogen for chemical nitrogen prevents and controls soil acidification by reducing exchange-able acid and supplementing base ions.When the organic nitrogen substitution ratio reaches 40%or above,it can signifi-cantly reduce soil exchangeable acid content and increase the total amount of exchangeable base ions,playing a positive role in ameliorating soil acidification in tea plantations.关键词
茶园/土壤pH/有机氮替代/酸化特征/贵州Key words
tea plantations/soil pH/organic nitrogen substitution/acidification characteristics/Guizhou分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张菲,刘彦伶,张雅蓉,李渝,黄兴成,朱华清,熊涵,杨叶华,杨欢..有机氮替代比例对贵州山地茶园土壤酸化特征的影响[J].南方农业学报,2025,56(11):3352-3360,9.基金项目
贵州省自然科学基金项目重点基金(黔科合基础-ZK[2024]重点082) （黔科合基础-ZK[2024]重点082）
贵州省科技重大专项计划项目(黔科合重大[2025]012) （黔科合重大[2025]012）
贵州省农业科学院科技创新专项(黔农科科技创新[2023]13号) （黔农科科技创新[2023]13号）
贵州省农业科学院青年基金项目(黔农科青年基金[2024]18号) Key Project of Guizhou Natural Science Foundation(QKHJC-ZK[2024]ZD082) （黔农科青年基金[2024]18号）
Plan Project of Major Science and Technology Project of Guizhou(QKHZD[2025]012) （QKHZD[2025]012）
Technological Innovation Special Project of Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences(QNKKJCX[2023]13) （QNKKJCX[2023]13）
Youth Project of Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences(QNKQNJJ[2024]18) （QNKQNJJ[2024]18）
