南方农业学报2025，Vol.56Issue(11)：3385-3398,14.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2025.11.008
化肥减氮配施炭基有机肥对烟草青枯病发生和土壤微生物群落的影响
Effects of combined application of nitrogen-reduced chemical fertilizers and biochar-based organic fertilizers on tobacco bacterial wilt and soil microbial community
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aimed to investigate effects of combined application of nitrogen-reduced chemical fertilizers and biochar-based organic fertilizers on tobacco bacterial wilt and soil microbial community,and to provide a theoretical basis for tobacco bacterial wilt control and appropriate fertilizer application.[Method]Field plots with record of tobacco bacterial wilt was selected to conduct organic fertilization experiment of combined application of nitrogen-reduced chemical fertilizers and biochar-based organic fertilizers.Treatments included a conventional fertilization control(ZN0)and three combined applications of nitrogen-reduced chemical fertilizers and biochar-based organic fertilizers:20%nitrogen reduction(ZN1),25%nitrogen reduction(ZN2),and 30%nitrogen reduction(ZN3).Rhizosphere soil physiochemical properties and enzyme activities were determined,and soil microbial community structures were ana-lyzed based on 16S rDNA and ITS sequencing.In addition,the incidence and disease index of tobacco bacterial wilt were investigated,and key microbial genera associated with disease occurrence were identified.[Result]Combined application of nitrogen-reduced chemical fertilizers and biochar-based organic fertilizers could improve soil nutrient supply and soil microbial community structures,thereby decreasing disease severity.The ZN3 treatment showed the best effects:com-pared with the control,the disease index of tobacco bacterial wilt decreased by 5.29%;contents of organic matter and available nitrogen in tobacco rhizosphere soil significantly increased by 8.57%and 19.37%(P<0.05,the same below);activities of soil urease and acid phosphatase increased significantly by 7.57%and 68.54%,respectively;and catalase activity significantly decreased by 36.25%;relative abundances of Acidobacteriota,Basidiomycota,Mucoromycota,Mortierellomycota,Sphingomonas,Bryobacter,and Mortierella were increased.Furthermore,soil pH and organic mat-ter were identified as the main driving factors shaping the soil microbial community after treatments of combined applica-tion of nitrogen-reduced chemical fertilizers and biochar-based organic fertilizers,and they also reduced the enrichment of Bacillus and Fusarium.[Conclusion]The combined application of nitrogen-reduced chemical fertilizers and biochar-based organic fertilizers mitigates tobacco bacterial wilt by improving rhizosphere soil nutrient status,regulating the soil micro-environment,and reshaping the soil microbial community structure.A combined application of 30%nitrogen-reduced chemical fertilizers and biochar-based organic fertilizers could reduce the incidence and severity of tobacco bacterial wilt.关键词
烟草/青枯病/化学氮肥/炭基有机肥/微生物群落结构Key words
tobacco/bacterial wilt/chemical nitrogen fertilizers/biochar-based organic fertilizers/microbial com-munity structure分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
史朝军,周国琴,杨秀芳,孟婷婷,徐兴波,孙娅桐,罗皓,吕芬..化肥减氮配施炭基有机肥对烟草青枯病发生和土壤微生物群落的影响[J].南方农业学报,2025,56(11):3385-3398,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(32160517) （32160517）
贵州省烟草公司重点研发项目(2021XM15) National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160517) （2021XM15）
Key Research and Development Pro-ject of Guizhou Tobacco Company(2021XM15) （2021XM15）
