南方农业学报2025，Vol.56Issue(11)：3409-3418,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2025.11.010
1株凤梨释迦采后软腐病菌鉴定、生物学特性测定及抑菌剂毒力分析
Identification,biological characteristic determination,and virulence analysis of microbicides for a postharvest Annona atemoya soft rot pathogen
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aimed to clarify the species and biological characteristics of pathogens causing post-harvest Annona atemoya soft rot,and to investigate the inhibitory effects of aldehyde-based antimicrobial agents on Annona atemoya soft rot pathogen,thereby providing a theoretical reference for controlling this disease.[Method]Fruits of Juran Bash No.1 Annona atemoya collected from the demonstration planting base in Bapen Town,Fusui County,Chongzuo City,Guangxi,were used as experimental materials.Pathogens were isolated and purified from diseased fruits showing soft rot symptoms after natural postharvest storage using the tissue separation method.Pathogenicity was verified according to Koch's rule.Species identification was performed based on colony morphology and molecular biological technologies.Effects of different carbon sources,nitrogen sources,temperatures,and pH on mycelial growth were deter-mined using the single-factor method.Four aldehyde-based antimicrobial agents,salicylaldehyde,cinnamaldehyde,cit-ral,and o-tolualdehyde,were selected to establish the toxic regression equations using the mycelial growth inhibition method,and the median effective concentration(EC50)was calculated to evaluate antimicrobial effects.[Result]Five fun-gal strains were isolated from Annona atemoya with soft rot.Pathogenicity tests indicated that strain FLZ-1 exhibited the strongest pathogenicity,colonizing 80%of the fruit surface(diameter about 5 cm)at 10 d after inoculation of healthy Annona atemoya.Based on morphological and molecular biological identification,the strain FLZ-1 was identified as Aspergillus aculeatus.Biological characterization showed that the strain FLZ-1 exhibited the highest utilization rate of soluble starch as a carbon source and yeast extract as a nitrogen source,with optimal growth conditions at 28℃and pH 6.The results of indoor virulence assay revealed that the inhibitory effects of the four aldehyde-based antifungal agents against strain FLZ-1,ranked from strongest to weakest,were:salicylaldehyde>cinnamaldehyde>citral>o-tolualdehyde.Salicylaldehyde had the lowest EC50 value of 320.9046 mg/L.The slope in the toxic regression equations was positively correlated with the sensitivity of the pathogen to the agent;cinnamaldehyde had the highest slope(10.1284),followed by salicylaldehyde(8.7489).[Conclusion]The pathogen of postharvest Annona atemoya soft rot in Fusui County,Chongzuo City,Guangxi,is identified as Aspergillus aculeatus.Salicylaldehyde,a food-grade antimicrobial agent compliant with GB 2760-2024,demonstrates the strongest inhibitory effect against Annona aculeatus and thus is recommended as the primary agent for controlling postharvest Aspergillus aculeatus soft rot.Citral and cinnamaldehyde exhibit inhibitory effects but are less potent and may serve as alternative antimicrobial agent.关键词
凤梨释迦/软腐病/棘孢曲霉/生物学特性/抑菌剂/毒力测定Key words
Annona atemoya/postharvest soft rot/Aspergillus aculeatus/biological characteristics/antifungal agents/virulence assay分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李芗怡,林日辉,张健,黄元婷,刘晓霞,付雨璐,姚先超,余运玲..1株凤梨释迦采后软腐病菌鉴定、生物学特性测定及抑菌剂毒力分析[J].南方农业学报,2025,56(11):3409-3418,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(21766004) （21766004）
广西自然科学基金项目(2019GXNSFAA185008) （2019GXNSFAA185008）
广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(2023KY0175) National Natural Science Foundation of China(21766004) （2023KY0175）
Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2019GXNSFAA185008) （2019GXNSFAA185008）
Middle-Aged and Young Teachers'Basic Research Ability Promotion Project of Guangxi Universities(2023KY0175) （2023KY0175）
