华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）Issue(1)：78-86,9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-5641.2026.01.007
3种植物提取物对福寿螺毒杀效果比较研究
Comparative study on the molluscicidal effects of three plant extracts against Pomacea canaliculata
摘要
Abstract
To investigate the molluscicidal activity,hepatotoxic effects,and environmental toxicity of extracts from Asclepias curassavica,Phytolacca americana,and Cicuta virosa against Pomacea canaliculata,the present study systematically evaluated their effects at varying concentrations and exposure times based on an immersion method.Key hepatic physiological indicators and residual toxicity in water were also measured.All three plant extracts exhibited dose-and time-dependent molluscicidal effects.A.curassavica demonstrated the highest toxicity(48 h LC50=0.270 mL/L),being 3.03 times and 3.97 times more potent than P.americana(0.819 mL/L)and C.virosa(1.071 mL/L),respectively.Physiological indicators in the hepatopancreas indicated that toxic damage induced by A.curassavica and C.virosa was the most pronounced.This was reflected by a decrease in the levels of biomarkers associated with organismal damage,such as total protein(TP),malondialdehyde(MDA),and catalase(CAT),alongside an increase in activities of enzymes closely related to hepatic detoxification function,including acetylcholinesterase(AChE),glutathione S-transferase(GST),and alanine aminotransferase(ALT).Residual aquatic toxicity results demonstrated that A.curassavica caused the highest inhibition rate in luminescent bacteria(75%at LC75),whereas P.americana posed the lowest ecological risk(56%inhibition rate).Compared to traditional chemical molluscicides,the A.curassavica and P.americana extracts exhibit higher ecological safety,rendering them more suitable for eco-friendly control applications and demonstrating significant potential for development as botanical molluscicides.关键词
福寿螺/植物提取物/杀螺效果/肝脏生理指标/残毒检测Key words
Pomacea canaliculata/plant extract/molluscicidal efficacy/hepatopancreas physiological index/residue toxicity test分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张彤,赵龙苑,严广寒,孔书麟,黄民生,郁梦媛,易阳阳..3种植物提取物对福寿螺毒杀效果比较研究[J].华东师范大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,(1):78-86,9.基金项目
上海市科委上海工程技术研究中心建设计划(20DZ2250700) （20DZ2250700）
水污染防治与利用山西省重点实验室建设期科研计划项目(SWRFZYLY202502,SWRFZYLY202503) （SWRFZYLY202502,SWRFZYLY202503）
