农业机械学报2026，Vol.57Issue(3)：57-66,86,11.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2026.03.006
脉冲射流式水稻播种无人机一分四路分流装置设计与试验
Design and Testing of One-point-four-way Diversion Device for Pulse-jet Rice Seeding Drone
摘要
Abstract
The pulse-jet rice seeding method achieves rows and holes seeding in an unmanned aircraft airborne manner by pressurising the rice shoots under the wrapping of a jet liquid column,which enhances the seed ejection velocity to reduce the interference of the external rotor wind field.The one-point-multiplex diverter device is an important component to improve the operational efficiency of pulse-jet rice planter.Regarding the issue of seeding uniformity during the operation of seeding devices,focusing on the liquid-solid two-phase flow of pulse-jet seeding materials(liquid material with germ seeds),using Yuenongsimiao rice seeds as the subject.A CFD-DEM coupled simulation model of a one-in-four branch device was established;in order to select the optimal branching scheme suitable for the liquid-solid two-phase flow of pulsed jet rice seeding,based on the type of branching device(straight-split axial end-type,straight-split intermediate-type,and conical-split diversion),and the angle of the inlet and outlet axes were used as factors,and the hierarchical analysis method was employed to construct a diversion scheme.As a factor,the comprehensive evaluation indexes of diversion uniformity for each outlet flow rate,flow rate,coefficient of variation of outflow uniformity and total pressure loss were constructed by using hierarchical analysis method,and two-factor and three-level orthogonal simulation tests were carried out,and the test results showed that,when the angle of inlet and outlet axial clamping angle of the cone-type diversion device was 180°,the comprehensive evaluation indexes of its diversion uniformity was 19.71%,which showed a better diversion uniformity.In order to further optimize the geometrical parameters of the one-part-four-way diverter device,the effects of the interaction between the length of the reducing section(Lr),the distance between the manifold and the inlet of the shunt device(Li)and the length of the manifold(Lb)on the overall performance of the diverter device were explored,and a three-factor,three-level orthogonal simulation experiment was designed.The preferred parameter combinations were Li=5 mm,Lb=25 mm,Lr=55 mm(outlet diameter 11.5 mm,outlet centre distance 30 mm),and the comprehensive evaluation index of diversion uniformity was 5.47%;a prototype machine was made for field verification,and the test results showed that the total seed displacement of the whole machine sowing operation of the pulsed jet unmanned drone sowing operation based on a one-point-four-way diversion device was within 0.5% of the stability coefficient of variation.The coefficient of variation of stability was between 0.5% and 0.7%,the coefficient of variation of sowing uniformity between seed holes was lower than 40%,and the coefficient of variation of sowing uniformity between seed rows was lower than 28%.The coefficient of variation of stability of the total discharge between routes of the field validation test was lower than 0.27%,and the coefficient of variation of the total sowing uniformity between routes was 3.86%,which was in line with the standard of GB/T 25418-2022,and it was in accordance with the standard of GB/T 25418-2022,and the device's performance in the field operation was verified.关键词
水稻/无人机/脉冲射流式播种/分流装置/CFD-DEM耦合Key words
rice/UAV/pulse-jet seeding/diverter system/CFD-DEM coupling分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
廖一隆,杨得帅,林键沁,姜锐,周志艳..脉冲射流式水稻播种无人机一分四路分流装置设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2026,57(3):57-66,86,11.基金项目
井冈山农高区省级科技专项"揭榜挂帅"项目(20222-051252-02)、广州市重点研发计划项目(202206010149)和特定高校学科建设专项(2023B10564002) （20222-051252-02）
