山西农业科学2026，Vol.54Issue(1)：24-28,5.DOI:10.26942/j.cnki.issn.1002-2481.2026.01.03
黄河流域丘陵旱地短季棉—油菜两熟轻简高效栽培技术体系研究
Study on Simplified Cultivation Technology System for Double Cropping of Short-Season Cotton and Rapeseed in Hill Drylands of the Yellow River Basin
摘要
Abstract
In order to provide technical support and practical examples for full exploration of the potential of cotton planted in arid and barren areas of the Yellow River basin and optimization of regional planting structure,aiming at the production constraints in hill drylands of the Yellow River basin,such as water shortage,soil impoverishment,shallow plough layer,and low economic benefits of the traditional single cropping system,in this study,field experiments and demonstration trials of a traditional single cropping of spring cotton planting and a double cropping system with short-season cotton and rapeseed were conducted in Dongping county,Shandong province from 2023 to 2024,using a full-season cotton variety K836,a short-season cotton variety Lumian 532,and a rapeseed variety Qinyou 2 as trial materials.A systematic comparison and analysis were carried out to clarify the differences and advantages between the cotton-rapeseed double cropping system and the traditional full-season cotton monocropping system in terms of yield performance and comprehensive benefits.The results indicated that the seedcotton yield of short-season cotton under the double cropping system decreased by 10.8％compared with full-season cotton,attributing to the shortened growth period and other contributing factors.But the additional harvest of one rapeseed crop boosted the comprehensive net profit by 60.0％,effectively compensating for the slight yield reduction of short-season cotton and significantly improving the output efficiency of dry and barren lands.The results from large-scale demonstrations indicated that the fertilizer and pesticide application under the simplified and efficient cultivation system for short-season cotton and rapeseed double cropping was reduced by 10％-15％,and the net profit was increased by 9,000 yuan per hectare.Based on these findings,a simplified and efficient cultivation technology system for cotton and rapeseed double cropping was integrated and established,with core techniques including"optimal variety selection,precise seeding without thinning,simplified fertilization,no-pruning with close planting and chemical regulation,and defoliation-ripening for centralized harvesting".关键词
丘陵旱地/短季棉/油菜/一年两熟/轻简高效栽培Key words
hilly dryland/short-season cotton/rapeseed/double cropping system/simplified-efficient cultivation分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
代建龙,张冬梅,战丽杰,秦都林,张选,董合忠,姚富友,高蓓蓓,崔正鹏,魏学文,聂军军,张晓洁,徐勤青,张艳军..黄河流域丘陵旱地短季棉—油菜两熟轻简高效栽培技术体系研究[J].山西农业科学,2026,54(1):24-28,5.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2024YFD23006) （2024YFD23006）
国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-15-15) （CARS-15-15）
山东省棉花产业技术体系(SDARS-03-01) （SDARS-03-01）
