山西农业科学2026，Vol.54Issue(1)：62-69,8.DOI:10.26942/j.cnki.issn.1002-2481.2026.01.07
小麦品种(系)主要农艺性状的遗传多样性分析及综合评价
Genetic Diversity Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Major Agronomic Traits in Wheat Varieties(Lines)
摘要
Abstract
To establish a comprehensive evaluation system for wheat parental lines and to screen breeding materials with superior genetic characteristics,in this study,50 wheat cultivars(lines)were taken as experimental materials.Eight agronomic traits including plant height(PH),spike length(SL),number of spikelets per spike(NSPS),number of grains per spike(NGPS),number of effective tillers per plant(NETP),grain texture(GT),grain uniformity(GU),and thousand-grain weight(TGW)were measured.Comprehensive genetic diversity analysis and evaluation were performed by calculating the genetic diversity index,conducting correlation analysis,principal component analysis(PCA),applying the membership function method,and performing hierarchical clustering.The results indicated the range of genetic diversity index for the eight traits was from 0.37(GT)to 2.07(SL),with an average of 1.62,demonstrating that the 50 wheat varieties(lines)had substantial genetic diversity.The coefficients of variation(CV)for the traits varied from 5.46％to 30.27％.Notably,NETP exhibited the highest CV(30.27％),suggesting that the population had the highest level of diversity in the number of effective tillers per plant and the greatest improvement space.Correlation analysis revealed a extremely significant positive correlation between SL and NSPS(r=0.451),as well as between SL and NGPS(r=0.475).A significant positive correlation was also found between NSPS and NGPS(r=0.329).Through the dimensionality reduction technique in multivariate statistical methods,8 original phenotypic parameters were integrated into 5 mutually uncorrelated comprehensive variables,and their cumulative contribution rate reached 82.05％,which could effectively characterize the systematic variation characteristics of the original dataset.Hierarchical clustering based on comprehensive evaluation values of membership function method classified the 50 varieties(lines)into five groups:excellent type,better type,middling type,poor type,and worst type.Six elite materials inclduing Jimai 55,Yannong 836,Jingyang 670,Luyuan 158,Xinmai 296,and Tainong 108 were identified as superior parental materials for breeding.关键词
小麦/遗传多样性指数/相关性分析/主成分分析/隶属函数法/层次聚类Key words
wheat/genetic diversity index/correlation analysis/principal component analysis/membership function method/hierarchical clustering分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王应党,葛振勇,王朝,王冲,田顺顺,郭凤芝,林坤,李思同,郭凌云,任自超,袁阳..小麦品种(系)主要农艺性状的遗传多样性分析及综合评价[J].山西农业科学,2026,54(1):62-69,8.基金项目
国家小麦产业技术体系菏泽综合试验站项目(CARS-3-2) （CARS-3-2）
山东省小麦产业技术体系菏泽综合试验站项目(SDAIT-01-22) （SDAIT-01-22）
山东省科技示范工程(2024SFGC0402) （2024SFGC0402）
