丝绸2026，Vol.63Issue(2)：21-30,10.DOI:10.3969∕j.issn.1001-7003.2026.02.003
阵列式经编间隔结构电子织物构筑及其人体压力管理应用
Construction of array-structured warp-knitted spacer e-textiles and application for human body pressure monitoring and regulation
摘要
Abstract
With the advancement of science and technology,today's society has entered a new era of the Internet of Things.In recent years,sensors have been increasingly integrated with diverse fields,driving the co-development of smart textiles and wearable electronics in the textile sector.Flexible pressure sensors within these devices perceive external stimuli and generate corresponding responses.They detect pressure signals and convert them into electrical signals based on specific operating principles.Typically,flexible wearable pressure sensors operate through four sensing mechanisms:piezoresistive,capacitive,piezoelectric,and triboelectric ones.Sensor selection depends on application scenarios due to their distinct working principles.Among vital signs suitable for real-time monitoring,pressure signal detection proves particularly crucial—it not only reflects human posture and motion states but also accurately captures core physiological indicators such as pulse and heartbeat.Textiles inherently possess multilevel structures and softness,granting them unique advantages in flexible wearable electronic devices for pressure monitoring.Consequently,these attributes have garnered sustained research attention. Knitted fabrics exhibit significant advantages in wearable motion monitoring applications due to their high resilience,flexible structure,high shear deformation capacity,excellent conformability,and superior wearing comfort.Knitted structures,based on interconnected loops,support complex yarn interactions.Their one-piece forming technology enables the production of tubular,three-dimensional(3D),and various shaped fabrics.Compared to flat 2D fabrics,3D fabrics offer greater deformation space under pressure.Consequently,researchers widely use them to fabricate spacer fabric pressure sensors based on piezoresistive,capacitive,and similar principles.These characteristics collectively give knitted structures high flexibility for constructing smart wearable systems,making them ideal for personalized,intelligent wearable devices.Current research on warp-knitted spacer e-textiles primarily focuses on single-point sensing,where sensing points typically integrate into the fabric via sewing or fusion techniques.In contrast,research on array-based and fully integrated warp-knitted spacer e-textiles remains scarce.Therefore,this study proposed the development of arrayed warp-knitted spacer e-textiles by integrating arrayed sensing points during fabrication.Based on warp-knitted structures and one-piece forming technology for spacer fabrics,this study fabricated warp-knitted spacer e-textiles with sensing capabilities.The study developed a knitted substrate sensor capable of pressure distribution recognition and investigated its sensing performance.We also used it to map the pressure distribution of the human foot and buttocks in different postures,aiming for its application in human health monitoring.Tests showed that the fabricated warp-knitted spacer e-textiles possess sensitivity suitable for monitoring the range of human body pressure.The e-textiles demonstrated rapid signal response,with excellent reaction times upon both pressure application and release.Tests also confirmed the material's stable monitoring capability under continuous pressure application,clear differentiation between different pressure levels,and good breathability,balancing practicality and wearing comfort.Following basic sensing performance tests,we constructed a pressure monitoring platform using this warp-knitted spacer e-textile to monitor pressure on areas like the human foot and buttocks.When applied to collect foot pressure data,the system displayed a pressure map clearly showing the sole morphology during standing.When used for sitting posture analysis,it effectively visualized the pressure distribution pattern of the buttocks under different sitting postures. The developed arrayed spacer e-textile,integrating knitted fabric with sensors,is expected to find future applications in healthcare.It can accurately capture varying magnitudes of pressure and physiological states across the human body,and facilitate more convenient clinical diagnosis and treatment for patients.关键词
经编间隔电子织物/智能可穿戴/医疗预防/传感系统/压力监测Key words
warp-knitted spacer e-textiles/smart wearables/medical prevention/sensor system/pressure monitoring分类
轻工纺织引用本文复制引用
陈夏婷,瞿砚凝,高守武,崔霞,陈富星,田明伟,刘红..阵列式经编间隔结构电子织物构筑及其人体压力管理应用[J].丝绸,2026,63(2):21-30,10.基金项目
山东省重点研发计划资助项目(2024CXGC010411) （2024CXGC010411）
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB3805802) （2022YFB3805802）
国家自然科学基金项目(52473307,22208178、62301290) （52473307,22208178、62301290）
泰山学者工程专项经费项目(tsqn202211116) （tsqn202211116）
山东省青创科技创新团队项目(2023KJ223) （2023KJ223）
山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目(2023TSGC0344、2023TSGC1006) （2023TSGC0344、2023TSGC1006）
