渭南师范学院学报2026，Vol.41Issue(2)：8-14,7.
《史记》战国四君道德形象辨正
On the Rectification of the Moral Portrayals of the"Four Lords of the Warring States"in Historical Records:A Re-examination Based on Confucian Ethics
摘要
Abstract
The"Four Lords of the Warring States Period"are often depicted as exemplary noblemen(Junzi),yet their temperaments and experiences differ significantly.Some among them were known for their cruelty,brutality,and fondness for violence,and make it clear that they hardly deserve the title of true noblemen.Through a careful analysis of Historical Records,it becomes evident that Sima Qian's portrayal of these four figures contains subtle praise and criticism.Lord Mengchang,though famous for his hospitality,was more concerned with his reputation than genuine virtue.Lord Pingyuan valued promises and upheld righteousness but often lacked sound judgment in critical matters.Lord Chunshen was a master strategist,yet he failed to maintain his integrity in his later years.Among the four,only Lord Xinling embodied both"benevolence"(Xin)and"ritual propriety,"(Li)and aligned most closely with the Confucian ideal of a nobleman.However,compared with the hypocritical Lord Mengchang,Lord Xinling,the most exemplary of them all,met an unfortunate end in reality.Through contrasting historical accounts—such as the enduring sacrifices offered to Lord Xinling after his death and the extinction of Lord Mengchang's lineage—Sima Qian achieves an ethical transcendence over the transient realities of history.This underscores that only by sincerely embracing the Confucian qualities of inner benevolence(Ren)and outer propriety(Li)can one earn genuine recognition from history.关键词
《史记》/孟尝君/平原君/信陵君/春申君Key words
Historical Records/Lord Mengchang/Lord Pingyuan/Lord Xinling/Lord Chunshen分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
庞令强..《史记》战国四君道德形象辨正[J].渭南师范学院学报,2026,41(2):8-14,7.基金项目
教育部中华优秀传统文化专项课题(A类)重点项目(尼山世界儒学中心/中国孔子基金会课题基金项目):中华优秀传统文化"两创"推进中华民族伟大复兴的方法论研究(23JDTCA082) （A类）
