西安科技大学学报2026，Vol.46Issue(1)：1-14,14.DOI:10.13800/j.cnki.xakjdxxb.2026.0101
采动覆岩破断运动与地表沉陷智能监控进展与展望
Progress and prospect in intelligent monitoring of mining-induced overburden fracture movement and surface subsidence
摘要
Abstract
This paper investigates the internal correlation between the fracture of mining-induced over-lying strata and surface subsidence,aiming to clarify the evolution from classical theories to intelligent monitoring technologies,it focuses on the evolution of overlying strata structures,the response mecha-nism of surface subsidence,and monitoring methods.A systematic review and comprehensive evaluation of typical research achievements were conducted,examining theoretical models,monitoring technolo-gies,and prediction methods.The study analyzes the internal relationships and developmental logic of various research paradigms.The results show that:Classical theories,such as"masonry beams"and"critical layers,"elucidate the macro-control mechanisms of overlying rock fracture,providing a theo-retical foundation for ground control;the"air-space-ground"integrated monitoring system,utilizing technologies such as InSAR,UAV mapping,DFOS,and microseismic monitoring,has enabled dynamic and detailed characterization of rock fracture patterns and surface subsidence processes;These advance-ments in theories and technologies are shifting the research paradigm from single-mechanism analysis to multi-source data fusion-driven approaches,with prediction models evolving from traditional empirical formulas to intelligent models that integrate physical mechanisms with data-driven methods.Construc-ting an integrated intelligent monitoring and control system encompassing"perception-cognition-deci-sion"is deemed essential for achieving coordinated safety and ecological control in mining areas.Future research should address technical challenges,such as the fusion of multi-source heterogeneous data and disaster-causing mechanisms of multi-physical field coupling.Additionally,developing an intelligent de-cision-making system based on digital twins will provide theoretical and technical support for precise mining and ecological protection.关键词
覆岩破断/地表沉陷/岩层控制/多源数据融合/数字孪生/智能监控Key words
overlying strata fracture/surface subsidence/ground control/multi-source data fusion/digit-al twins/intelligent monitoring and control分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
黄庆享,李星亮,郭强..采动覆岩破断运动与地表沉陷智能监控进展与展望[J].西安科技大学学报,2026,46(1):1-14,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(52074211) （52074211）
渭南市科技计划重点研发项目(ZDYFJH-1034) （ZDYFJH-1034）
