西北地质2026，Vol.59Issue(1)：1-22,22.DOI:10.12401/j.nwg.2025156
新疆西天山北缘浅成低温热液金成矿作用
Epithermal Gold Mineralization in the Northern Margin of the West Tianshan,Xinjiang
摘要
Abstract
The northern margin of the West Tianshan in Xinjiang is well endowed with epithermal gold de-posits.These deposits are primarily hosted in the continental volcanic rocks of the Late Devonian-Early Car-boniferous Dahalajunshan Formation and are concentrated in the Tulasu and Yelimodun volcanic fault-depres-sion basins and the Wusunshan area.Based on a systematic review of the geological and geochemical character-istics of typical gold deposits such as Axi,Jingxi-Yermand,and Tawuerbieke in the region,this paper analyzes the relationship between gold mineralization and regional tectonic-magmatic evolution,and discusses the post-mineralization modification and preservation processes as well as their implications for mineral exploration.The epithermal gold deposits in the northern margin of the West Tianshan include various types such as low-sulfida-tion,high-sulfidation,and porphyry-epithermal transitional types,which exhibit significant differences in ore body occurrence,ore texture,mineral assemblages,and alteration characteristics.The ore-forming materials are mainly derived from the host volcanic-subvolcanic rocks,and the ore-forming fluids consist primarily of mag-matic hydrothermal fluids(high-sulfidation type),meteoric water(low-sulfidation type),or a mixture of these two fluids(porphyry-epithermal transitional type).Gold precipitation mechanisms include fluid boiling,water-rock interaction,and fluid mixing.The mineralization age is mainly concentrated in the Late Devonian-Early Carboniferous,formed in a back-arc extensional environment during the peak subduction of the North Tianshan and South Tianshan oceans.After their formation,the deposits underwent a complex modification and preserva-tion history.The epithermal gold deposits in the Tulasu and Yelimodun basins have been preserved due to rela-tively weak erosion,and their deep sections hold potential for the discovery of porphyry-skarn-type Cu-Au poly-metallic deposits.In contrast,the peripheral areas of the basins have experienced higher degrees of erosion,lead-ing to the destruction of most epithermal deposits,but the prospects for porphyry-and skarn-type deposits re-main favorable.关键词
浅成低温热液金矿床/金成矿作用/成矿系统/变化保存条件/西天山北缘Key words
epithermal gold deposits/gold mineralization/ore-forming system/modification and preserva-tion conditions/northern margin of the West Tianshan分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
顾雪祥,王威,杜晓飞,彭义伟,章永梅,向中林,王新利,张英帅,马华东,朱炳玉,董树义..新疆西天山北缘浅成低温热液金成矿作用[J].西北地质,2026,59(1):1-22,22.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目课题"西天山赛里木铅锌铜矿带成矿模式研究与深部资源预测"(2018YFC0604003),国家自然科学基金面上项目"新疆西天山吐拉苏浅成低温热液-斑岩型金成矿系统物质与时空结构研究"(41572062),国家自然科学基金重点项目"新疆西天山北缘晚古生代斑岩-矽卡岩型铜钼铁多金属成矿与岩浆-热液作用过程"(42130804),国家305项目专题"西天山博罗科努铜钼金多金属成矿系统研究与靶区评价"(2011BAB06B02-02),中央返还两权价款资金项目"新疆博罗科努东段斑岩-矽卡岩含岩性专项调查及靶区优选"(Y151LQ04)联合资助. （2018YFC0604003）
