中华灾害救援医学2025，Vol.12Issue(11)：1280-1284,5.DOI:10.13919/j.issn.2095-6274.ZHJY202507053
脑卒中康复期患者合并肺部感染病原菌和耐药特征调查研究
Investigation on Pathogenic Bacteria and Drug Resistance Characteristics in Stroke Rehabilitation Patients Complicated with Pulmonary Infection
摘要
Abstract
Objective To explore the distribution of pathogenic bacteria,seasonal characteristics,drug resistance,and changing trends of bacterial pulmonary infections in stroke patients during the rehabilitation phase.Methods A total of 360 stroke rehabilitation patients with bacterial pulmonary infections and positive sputum culture results,who were admitted to Wuzhou Workers'Hospital from January 2019 to January 2022,were selected as the study subjects.Drug susceptibility testing was performed on the isolated pathogenic bacteria.Results A total of 379 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the sputum of the 360 patients.Among them,Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 87 strains(22.96%),and Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 292 strains(77.04%).Seasonal analysis showed that the number of in-fections in winter was 174 cases(48.33%),significantly higher than in other seasons(P<0.005),and pulmonary infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii were more common in winter.Drug susceptibility results indicated that the resistance rate of Staphylococcus aureus to penicillin G was 98.67%;the resistance rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae to erythromy-cin was 83.33%;the resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Klebsiella pneumoniae to ciprofloxacin,aztreonam,and cefuroxime were 59.57%,78.48%,and 77.78%,respectively.Further annual trend analysis revealed that the resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime showed a significant upward trend(P<0.05),while the resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae to cefuroxime showed a significant downward trend(P<0.05).Conclusion Pulmonary infections in stroke rehabilitation patients exhibit a high incidence in winter,primarily caused by Gram-negative bacil-li such as Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.The resistance of these pathogens to commonly used antimicrobial agents is severe,particularly with rising resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime.In clinical practice,emphasis should be placed on seasonal prevention and control.When empirical therapy is ineffective,precise antimicrobial treatment must be implemented based on local resistance surveillance data and individual drug susceptibility results to improve patient prognosis and curb the spread of drug-resistant bacteria.关键词
脑卒中/感染/病原菌/耐药Key words
stroke/rehabilitation phase/infection/pathogenic bacteria/drug resistance引用本文复制引用
文晓君,叶满,郭钊..脑卒中康复期患者合并肺部感染病原菌和耐药特征调查研究[J].中华灾害救援医学,2025,12(11):1280-1284,5.基金项目
梧州市科学研究与技术开发计划(202102064) （202102064）
