肿瘤防治研究2026，Vol.53Issue(1)：36-42,7.DOI:10.3971/j.issn.1000-8578.2026.25.0663
胸腺瘤诊断革新及治疗策略的演进
Innovations in Thymoma Diagnosis and Evolution of Treatment Strategies
摘要
Abstract
Thymic epithelial tumors(TETs)are the most common primary tumors in the anterior mediastinum.They are characterized by a high degree of biological heterogeneity.The incidence of TETs varies geographically and is frequently associated with autoimmune diseases,such as myasthenia gravis,significantly increasing the complexity of clinical management.At present,the diagnosis and treatment of TETs are primarily based on a traditional system constructed using the Masaoka-Koga staging system and the histological classification of the World Health Organization.However,this system exhibits significant limitations in interobserver consistency,accurate prognosis assessment,and microscopic lesion detection.In recent years,the emergence of developing technologies,such as radiomics and liquid biopsy,has driven the transformation of TET diagnosis and treatment model toward precision and quantification.Radiomics enables the noninvasive risk stratification and prognosis prediction of tumors through the high-throughput extraction of CT/MRI image features,while liquid biopsy provides a new approach for dynamic monitoring at the molecular level.In terms of treatment,surgical resection remains the radical treatment for resectable TETs.Minimally invasive surgery has achieved oncology outcomes comparable with those of open surgery in resectable TETs,with better perioperat-ive outcomes and recovery quality.For locally advanced or high-grade TETs,an individualized comprehensive treat-ment strategy based on a multidiscipl-inary team has become the core.Such strategy includes neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemoradiotherapy,targeted therapy guided by molecular typing,and immu-notherapy.Future research should focus on integrating multiomics data and clinical information to further construct and optimize the precision diagnosis and treatment system for TETs.关键词
胸腺瘤/胸腺肿瘤/机器人外科手术/精准医学/影像组学/循环肿瘤DNAKey words
Thymoma/Thymus neoplasms/Robotic surgical procedures/Precision medicine/Radiomics/Circulating tumor DNA分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
李业宏,田辉..胸腺瘤诊断革新及治疗策略的演进[J].肿瘤防治研究,2026,53(1):36-42,7.基金项目
山东省胸部肿瘤数字诊疗重点实验室及智能外科山东省工程研究中心共同资助 Shandong Key Laboratory of Digital Diagnosis and Treatment of Thoracic Oncology and Shandong Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Surgery （）
