北京大学学报（自然科学版）2026，Vol.62Issue(1)：29-34,6.DOI:10.13209/j.0479-8023.2025.122
螺栓拧紧过程中的应力分布研究
Stress Distribution along the Bolt during Tightening Process
摘要
Abstract
In order to solve the problem of difficult theoretical modeling caused by complex threaded contact in the assembly and tightening process of bolted joint structure,a refined modeling method is proposed.Through the assembly torque model,the relationship between tightening torque and preload is obtained.According to the tensile and torsional equilibrium analysis of the bolt during the tightening process,the differential equations of tension and torsion of the bolt are acquired.Combined with the small deformation conditions and boundary conditions of the bolt and nut thread contact points during the tightening process,a complete stress distribution model is obtained.For the analytical model requirement in forward design,the analytical solution for bolt load and deformation distribution is obtained under the small deformation assumption and unchanged initial configuration,and a simplified analytical solution is further deduced.By simulating the stress distribution during tightening process,the screw load and displacement distribution curves under the specified torque are obtained.Comparison reveals that the numerical solution results are highly consistent with the analytical solution,providing a solid theoretical foundation for the forward design of fasteners.关键词
螺栓拧紧/装配扭矩模型/载荷分布/螺杆变形Key words
bolt tightening/assembly torque model/load distribution/screw deformation引用本文复制引用
周泉知,李志相,亓泽宇,沈超,卢浩,刘燕,赵振,刘才山..螺栓拧紧过程中的应力分布研究[J].北京大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,62(1):29-34,6.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(U2541232,U24B6005)资助 （U2541232,U24B6005）
