电力科技与环保2026，Vol.42Issue(1)：54-62,9.DOI:10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.01.006
燃煤电厂烟气微藻固碳技术研究进展
Progress in the utilization of microalgae for carbon sequestration in industrial flue gas
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Microalgal carbon sequestration technology demonstrates unique advantages in flue gas treatment at coal-fired power plants due to its highly efficient photosynthesis,strong environmental adaptability,and potential for high-value biomass conversion.This review examines the principles,algal strain improvement strategies,current industrial applications,and challenges faced by microalgal carbon sequestration in coal-fired power plant flue gas,providing theoretical reference and technical support for the technology's large-scale implementation.[Methods]Through literature review and case summarisation,this study systematically analyses the fundamental principles of microalgal carbon sequestration,alongside algal strain selection and domestication,mutagenesis breeding,and genetic engineering modification methods.Combining domestic and international pilot project data,it evaluates carbon sequestration efficiency and biomass yield under real flue gas conditions.[Results]Findings indicate that microalgae fix carbon through photosynthesis and CO2 concentration mechanisms,exhibiting significantly higher efficiency than terrestrial plants while concurrently absorbing nitrogen and sulphur oxides from flue gas.To address the high CO2 concentrations,pollutants,and thermal stress in coal-fired power plant flue gas,algal strains are engineered via screening and domestication,mutagenesis breeding,and molecular modification to enhance tolerance and carbon fixation performance.Currently,microalgae have been successfully coupled with power plant flue gas to achieve CO2 fixation.Multiple pilot-scale projects have been established domestically and internationally,achieving carbon fixation efficiencies of 40%～60%and producing high-value-added products such as biofuels and feed.[Conclusion]Microalgal carbon sequestration technology offers dual advantages of environmental protection and resource recovery.Challenges include insufficient adaptation of algal strains to complex flue gases,unclear molecular mechanisms of carbon fixation,high cultivation system costs,and limited biomass conversion pathways.Future efforts should focus on enhancing algal tolerance to multiple stresses through gene editing,developing low-cost reactors with high light energy utilisation,optimising flue gas pretreatment processes,promoting diversified high-value biomass conversion and establishing carbon reduction accounting methodologies and industry standards.These measures will enhance economic viability and advance the large-scale application of carbon neutrality.关键词
微藻固碳/工业烟气/CO2减排/藻种改良Key words
microalgae sequestration/industrial flue gas/CO2 reduction/algal species improvement分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
宋和斌,周丽娜,江卫国,熊晟熙,韩金克,何晓燕..燃煤电厂烟气微藻固碳技术研究进展[J].电力科技与环保,2026,42(1):54-62,9.基金项目
江西省重点研发计划项目(20232BBG70002) （20232BBG70002）
