电力科技与环保2026，Vol.42Issue(1)：148-158,11.DOI:10.19944/j.eptep.1674-8069.2026.01.015
太阳能光热发电系统超临界二氧化碳向心透平优化设计及性能分析
Optimization design and performance analysis of supercritical carbon dioxide radialinflow turbine of solar thermal power generation system
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To meet the demands of clean and low-carbon energy transition and advanced power equipment development,a 1.6 MW-class supercritical carbon dioxide(S-CO2)radial turbine was designed.The internal leakage loss and secondary flow loss of the turbine were optimized to improve its operational efficiency,aiming to enhance its application prospects in novel energy systems like solar thermal power generation.[Methods]The one-dimensional thermodynamic design of the turbine was completed based on the cycle parameters.Three-dimensional numerical simulation was adopted to study the internal flow characteristics of the radial turbine and the influence of the number of moving blades and the tip clearance on the turbine performance.The optimized model was selected to analyze the performance characteristics under variable operating conditions.[Results]Research shows the tip leakage flow in the radial turbine forms a large leakage vortex at the meridional turning point,which interacts with the mainstream and causes significant secondary flow loss due to leakage.An increase in the number of moving blades enhances the fluid control ability,effectively inhibits the longitudinal development of the leakage vortex from the tip to the root in the meridional turning area,and reduces the surface load on the blades,thereby increasing the isentropic efficiency.The power reaches its maximum when the number of blades is 17.An increase in the tip clearance leads to a stronger leakage flow at the top and a wider range of downstream separation.When the clearance is 0.8 mm,the separation secondary flow covers the entire upper part of the downstream flow channel.For every 1%increase in the tip clearance,the isentropic efficiency of the turbine decreases by 0.78%and the leakage rate increases by 0.27%.When the speed is lower than or equal to the design value,the efficiency shows an initial increase followed by a decrease.When the speed is higher than the design value,the efficiency increases gradually with the speed.At the same speed,an increase in the inlet temperature significantly improves the efficiency and power,while a decrease in the inlet pressure significantly reduces the power.At low pressure,the efficiency is higher and changes more gently at low speeds.[Conclusion]The optimization of key geometric parameters in this study can provide a theoretical basis for the optimization design of high-speed supercritical CO2 radial turbines.The study of variable operating conditions can provide reference value for the optimized operation of solar thermal Brayton cycle systems.关键词
太阳能发电/向心透平/数值模拟/流动分析Key words
solar power generation/radial inflow turbine/numerical simulation/flow analysis分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
毛东学,李健,李航,杨依栋,马国伟..太阳能光热发电系统超临界二氧化碳向心透平优化设计及性能分析[J].电力科技与环保,2026,42(1):148-158,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFB4102905) （2023YFB4102905）
