口腔疾病防治2026，Vol.34Issue(2)：156-167,12.DOI:10.12016/j.issn.2096-1456.202550484
年龄相关的口腔微生物变化特征:一项基于NHANES人群的大样本研究
Age-related variations in the oral microbiome revealed by a large population-based study from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
摘要
Abstract
Objective To explore the characteristics of the diversity and composition of oral microbial flora with age,and to provide a reference for understanding the succession of oral microecology at different ages.Methods Oral rinse 16S rRNA(V4 region)sequencing data from 9 021 participants 14-69 years of age in the 2009-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)were analyzed.Alpha diversity(Observed OTUs,Faith's PD,Shannon Index),beta diversity(Bray-Curtis and UniFrac),and genus-level composition were examined using weighted generalized linear models(GLMs),including quadratic terms for age and adjusting for key covariates(gender,race/eth-nicity,BMI,smoking status,and periodontitis severity).Results Alpha diversity demonstrated a clear inverted U-shaped trajectory across age,peaking at 25-30 years old and declining thereafter.This trend remained consistent across sex,race,smoking,and periodontal health strata.Beta diversity analyses revealed a modest but steady age-related shift in community structure.Genus-level analyses revealed that Rothia,Prevotella_6,and Lactobacillus increased steadily with age,while Haemophilus,Porphyromonas,and Corynebacterium declined significantly.Notably,potential periodonto-pathogens,such as Fusobacterium and Treponema_2,peaked in early adulthood before declining with age.Conclusion Age is an important driver of oral microbial succession,and the oral microbiome exhibits dynamic changes across differ-ent life stages.Future longitudinal and multi-omic studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these age-related trajectories.关键词
口腔微生物组/美国国家健康与营养调查/微生物多样性/人类微生物组/菌属丰度/年龄因素/混杂因素/16S rRNA/流行病学研究Key words
oral microbiome/National Health and Nutrition Survey/microbial diversity/human microbiome/abundance of bacteria/age factor/confounding factors/16S rRNA/epidemiological study分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
陈铭,钟凯钰,胡洪英,游梦..年龄相关的口腔微生物变化特征:一项基于NHANES人群的大样本研究[J].口腔疾病防治,2026,34(2):156-167,12.基金项目
四川省自然科学基金面上项目(2025ZNSFSC0655) This study was supported by the grants from General Project of Sichuan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.2025ZNSFSC0655). （2025ZNSFSC0655）
