摘要
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a common pregnancy-related hypertensive disorder that severely threatens maternal and fetal health,with a complex pathogenesis that has not yet been fully elucidated.In recent years,with microbiome research entering the multi-omics era,the causal relationships among gut microbiota,their metabolites,and plasma cytokines have gradually become an important research direction in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.Patients with preeclampsia exhibit significant gut microbial dysbiosis,characterized mainly by reduced microbial diversity,decreased beneficial bacteria,and increased opportunistic pathogens.This leads to marked alterations in the metabolite profile of the gut microbiota,including decreased levels of short-chain fatty acids and accumulation of harmful metabolites.Meanwhile,in the plasma of patients with preeclampsia,pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin(IL)-6,IL-1β,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)are significantly elevated,whereas anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 are significantly reduced,presenting a typical"pro-inflammatory state."Gut microbiota,metabolites,and plasma cytokines can form a closely regulated network via the"gut-placenta axis,"with mutual interactions among the three.In addition,probiotic interventions have been demonstrated to improve pregnancy outcomes in patients with preeclampsia and to modulate immune-and metabolism-related indicators.A deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of preeclampsia from the perspective of"microbiota-metabolism-immunity"may provide new insights for early prevention and intervention.关键词
子痫前期/肠道菌群/代谢物/细胞因子/发病机制Key words
preeclampsia/gut microbiota/metabolites/cytokines/pathogenesis
