海洋渔业2026，Vol.48Issue(1)：1-10,10.
冬季东海北部外海游泳动物群落组成和结构的长周期变化
Long-term variations in the composition and structure of nekton in the northern offshore East China Sea in winter
摘要
Abstract
Based on the survey data of the northern offshore waters of the East China Sea in 1991,2005 and 2016,the decadal changes of nekton community were studied by relative importance index,diversity index and dissimilarity index,and the succession of the community structure was analyzed using size spectrum.The aim is to find out the reasons for the replacement of dominant species and causes of decadal community differences in overwintering grounds.The results showed that the number of species and richness index of nekton in the overwintering grounds of the northern offshore East China Sea increased during the past years.The weight CPUE(catch per unit effort)showed a trend of first dropping sharply and then rising slightly,while the individual CPUE increased continuously.The dominant species varied from 5 to 7 in each decade,with Larimichthys polyactis and Trichiurus lepturus being the absolute dominant species in the three sampling periods,while Harpadon nehereus was the dominant species in 2005 and 2016,and other dominant species changed greatly in each decade.The average dissimilarities between the nekton communities in 1991 and 2005 and between those in 1991 and 2016 were high,both exceeding 60％,while the average dissimilarity between the communities in 2005 and 2016 was low,41.19％.The main species causing the differences in the nekton communities between 1991 and 2005,between 1991 and 2016,and between 2005 and 2016 were 8,10,and 5,respectively.There were 8 species,10 species and 5 species that caused the difference between 1991 and 2005,1991 and 2016,2005 and 2016,respectively.The size spectrum of nekton decreased continuously,with the maximum value decreasing from 85 cm in 1991 to 40 cm in 2005,and then 35 cm in 2016.The average body length also showed a continuous decreasing trend,from 25.45 cm in 1991 to 15.29 cm in 2005,and then to 13.49 cm in 2016.The rate of decline was faster in the early period and slowed down in the later period.The body length and the number of individuals in each year showed a linear regression,with a negative correlation between the natural logarithm of the catch number and body length.With the passage of time,the absolute value of the slope and the intercept of the trend line both increased continuously.Small individuals with body length less than 20 cm showed a continuous increase over time,especially those with body length less than 10 cm showed a more obvious increasing trend,and large individuals in the community gradually decreased or disappeared,the dominance of smaller individuals was more obvious in the community.The results can provide a basis for the sustainable development of fisheries in the East China Sea.关键词
冬季/游泳动物/群落结构/多样性/年代际变化Key words
winter/nekton/community structure/diversity/decadal changes分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李建生,姜亚洲,袁兴伟..冬季东海北部外海游泳动物群落组成和结构的长周期变化[J].海洋渔业,2026,48(1):1-10,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划专项(2024YFD2400404) （2024YFD2400404）
