测试技术学报2026，Vol.40Issue(1)：34-44,11.DOI:10.62756/csjs.1671-7449.2026042
基于时频多通道特征的无人机信号智能识别方法
Intelligent Recognition Method of UAV Signal Based on Time Frequency Multi Channel Features
摘要
Abstract
To address the need for precise perception of rapidly maneuvering and diverse unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)models in complex airspace environments,a UAV signal recognition method based on time-frequency multi-channel features is proposed.In the signal processing stage,the UAV signals undergo detrending and denoising to eliminate direct current components and low-frequency drift,thereby reducing frequency-domain interference.The discrete Fourier transform is then applied to extract time-frequency information,followed by spectrum splicing and amplitude normalization to construct energy spec-trum data.To address spatial heterogeneity,multi-channel processing is performed along the frequency domain.For the model architecture,a multi-feature channel signal tensorization strategy is proposed based on an MC-2DCNN,precisely aligning with the model's multi-channel convolutional characteristics.Through spatial decoupling and structured reorganization of frequency-domain features,hierarchical extrac-tion and differentiated modeling of cross-band features are achieved while preserving feature topological adjacency,leveraging channel separation mechanisms to enhance model robustness and generalization.Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method achieves recognition accuracies of 98.15％and 96.32％for UAV models and flight modes,respectively,within the-10 dB to 10 dB noise range.Under aliasing noise scenarios involving electromagnetic noise,comb spectrum,and blocking interference,it attains accuracies of 91.97％and 90.56％,meeting intelligent recognition requirements for UAV detec-tion systems in both civilian and military applications.关键词
射频信号感知/多通道特征/无人机识别/时频变换Key words
radio frequency signal perception/multi-channel features/unmanned aerial vehicle recogni-tion/time-frequency transform分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
白建胜,李琼怡,姚金杰,王黎明..基于时频多通道特征的无人机信号智能识别方法[J].测试技术学报,2026,40(1):34-44,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(62571496) （62571496）
中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2024M763034,GZC20241568) （2024M763034,GZC20241568）
山西省基础研究计划资助项目(202403021222150) （202403021222150）
山西省重点研发计划资助项目(202202010101009,202402120101010) （202202010101009,202402120101010）
仪器科学与动态测试教育部重点实验室基金资助项目(JYBSYSKFJJ319005) （JYBSYSKFJJ319005）
