海军航空大学学报2026，Vol.41Issue(1)：121-135,15.DOI:10.7682/j.issn.2097-1427.2026.01.003
航空航天用气凝胶玻璃的性能研究与应用进展
Research and Application Progress of Aerogel Glass for Aerospace
摘要
Abstract
Aerogel glass,as a novel nanoporous transparent thermal insulation material,demonstrates significant appli-cation potential in the aerospace field due to its characteristics of low density,ultra-low thermal conductivity,and high light transmittance.By employing sol-gel methods combined with supercritical drying or ambient pressure drying tech-niques,and optimizing the precursor selection,aging modification,and solvent exchange processes,aerogel glass materi-als integrating thermal insulation,transparency,and lightweight properties can be prepared.Research shows that mono-lithic aerogel glass maintains stable performance under extreme temperature differences(-200℃ to 1 200℃),effec-tively reducing thermal loss in spacecraft windows by over 20%while resisting micro-debris impacts.Particulate aero-gel glass,with its low-cost advantage,is applied in thermal insulation layers where high transparency is not required,with its thermal conductivity reduced by 51.43%compared to traditional hollow glass.Additionally,the multi-porous structure and high specific surface area of aerogel glass result in acoustic performance significantly superior to conven-tional materials,making it suitable for noise reduction in aerospace vehicles.Although challenges remain in large-scale production and further improvement of light transmittance,its successful applications in thermal protection for space probes and observation windows of space stations demonstrate substantial potential.关键词
航空航天/制备工艺/气凝胶玻璃/物理性能Key words
aerospace/aerogel/preparation process/aerogel glass/physical properties分类
航空航天引用本文复制引用
王晨臣,陈倩宇,石书航,彭孝天..航空航天用气凝胶玻璃的性能研究与应用进展[J].海军航空大学学报,2026,41(1):121-135,15.基金项目
航空科学基金(202300280T4002) （202300280T4002）
