环境与职业医学2026，Vol.43Issue(1)：16-27,12.DOI:10.11836/JEOM25249
互联网员工长工时暴露对职业紧张与抑郁症状的风险预测:基于可解释机器学习
Risk prediction of long working hours exposure on occupational stress and depressive symptoms among internet industry employees:Based on an interpretable machine learning framework
摘要
Abstract
[Background]Long working hours,as a common risk factor for occupational stress,is closely re-lated to the occurrence of depressive symptoms.Understanding how long working hours affect occupational stress and depressive symptoms will inform occupational health interventions. [Objective]To quantify the impact of long working hours exposure on occupational stress and depressive symptoms among Internet industry employees,translate black-box outputs into actionable insights,and demonstrate the value of interpretable machine learning for early-warning occupational-health surveillance. [Methods]A dataset was derived from a cross-sectional survey involving 2 866 internet industry employees in China.This survey was part of the project Risk Assessment Of Long Working Hour Exposure And Its Adverse Health Effects,conducted by the National Institute for Occupational Health and Poisoning Control,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,from 2021 to 2023.Working hours,occupational stress and depressive symptoms were quantified with a set of structured questionnaires including the Core Occupational Stress Scale and the Patient Health Questionnaire.Pairwise associations were screened by Mantel tests and variance-inflation factors.Key predictors identified through feature selection were fed into six machine-learning risk-prediction models.Visual interpretation was provided by feature importance,Shapley additive explanations(SHAP)and local interpretable model-agnostic explanations(LIME),while directed causal effects and intervention impacts of prolonged working hours exposure on occupational stress and depressive symptoms were dissected with causal explanation of features techniques. [Results]The positive rates of occupational stress and depressive symptoms among internet employees were 12.9％and 77.8％respec-tively.Twelve core features for occupational stress and nine for depressive symptoms were retained after selection.After these features were supplied to six predictive algorithms and evaluated on five metrics,the Light Gradient Boosting Machine(LGBM)achieved the highest accuracy—0.89 for occupational stress and 0.79 for depressive symptoms on the hold-out test set.The feature-importance rankings con-verged on fatigue accumulation and life satisfaction as dominant drivers for both outcomes,whereas weekly working hours and daily overtime emerged as the principal exposure-related predictors.The SHAP summary plots revealed that longer weekly hours and daily overtime systematically elevated the probability of occupational stress.The causal feature explanation further quantified that ascending one category in weekly working hours increased the probability of occupational stress by 7.04％. [Conclusion]Exposure to long working hours is associated with both occupational stress and depressive symptoms among internet industry employees.Interpretable machine-learning frameworks translate these associations into transparent,defensible drivers,enabling precise identification of the pivotal factors and their interplay.This evidence base equips occupational-health practitioners with actionable insights for designing targeted prevention and intervention strategies.关键词
职业紧张/抑郁症状/互联网/长工时/可解释机器学习Key words
occupational stress/depressive symptom/internet/long working hour/interpretable machine learning分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
陆欣怡,宋涛,周玉婷,孟庆欣,楼建林,周洪昌,王瑾,李霜..互联网员工长工时暴露对职业紧张与抑郁症状的风险预测:基于可解释机器学习[J].环境与职业医学,2026,43(1):16-27,12.基金项目
浙江省大学生科技创新活动计划(新苗人才计划)项目(2024R430A011) （新苗人才计划）
